在全球范围内，由于煤层地下自燃从而导致岩石被焙烧和烘烤是一种常见的地质现象。目前，磁法是探测烧变岩最主要的方法之一。本文以陕北地区典型钻孔岩心为研究对象，分别在有氧环境和无氧环境中对六口钻孔不同埋深及不同岩性的试样进行了高温（25~800℃）热处理试验，并测试质量磁化率，分析矿物成分，通过氮气吸附试验探究孔隙变化规律。本研究通过模拟煤火直接加热和间接烘烤两种影响围岩磁性的方式，深入研究岩石高温的磁化响应行为和磁变机制，从而完善高温岩石的磁异常理论，为磁法探测烧变岩位置以及划定煤火区提供一定的理论依据。研究表明：

       （1）岩石在高温热处理后的质量磁化率会发生一定的变化，具体可分为三个阶段：25~400℃，岩石整体的磁性较弱，质量磁化率变化幅度不大，在300℃附近略微有上升趋势；400~600℃，岩石磁性受温度影响明显，岩石中弱磁性矿物由于高温作用转变为强磁性矿物，磁性显著增强，质量磁化率迅速增大；600~800℃，由于居里温度的存在使大量铁磁性、亚铁磁性矿物的磁畴瓦解，进而转换为顺磁性，岩石磁性发生减弱，质量磁化率迅速减小。

       （2）磁性矿物颗粒结构及尺寸的变化会导致岩石质量磁化率发生改变。当岩石在高温加热后，岩石的质量磁化率与岩石粒径成正比，在同一温度同种加热环境中，岩石粒径越大质量磁化率相对越高，这是因为大粒径的岩石在热处理后，由于原始岩样中铁质矿物含量较高，以及受热应力和化学转化的影响，其内部的磁性矿物颗粒会从多畴（MD）向单畴（SD）和膺单畴（PSD） 转变，磁性颗粒磁畴被有序排列，并获得更多的剩余磁化强度，质量磁化率也随之增大。

（3）岩石的磁性受加热环境中氧气含量的影响，有氧环境中热处理的试样质量磁化率整体高于无氧环境，这种差异在600℃最为明显，主要原因在于氧化铁中的磁铁矿和赤铁矿含量所占比例会受氧气浓度影响，在真空环境、氮气环境以及其他氧气浓度低的环境中，磁铁矿相比于赤铁矿更易形成，大大提升了岩石的热剩余磁化强度，导致在无氧环境中加热的岩石磁性增强比有氧环境中更加明显，质量磁化率提高显著。

It is a common geological phenomenon that rocks are roasted and baked due to spontaneous underground combustion of coal seams all over the world. At present, magnetic method is one of the most important methods to detect burned rocks. In this paper, the typical drill cores in northern Shaanxi are taken as the research object, and the high-temperature (25~800℃) heat treatment tests are carried out on samples of six drill holes with different burial depths and different lithology in aerobic and anaerobic environments respectively, and the quality magnetic susceptibility is tested, mineral composition is analyzed, and the pore change law is explored through nitrogen adsorption test.  This study simulates two ways of influencing the magnetic properties of surrounding rocks, namely direct heating and indirect baking by coal fires.  It delves into the magnetization response behavior and magnetic deformation mechanism of rocks at high temperatures, thereby improving the magnetic anomaly theory of high-temperature rocks and providing a theoretical basis for magnetic detection of the location of burnt rocks and delineation of coal fire zones. The study says:

(1) The mass magnetic susceptibility of the rock after high temperature heat treatment will change to some extent, which can be divided into three stages: 25~400℃, the magnetic properties of the rock as a whole are weak, the change range of mass magnetic susceptibility is not large, and there is a slight upward trend near 300℃; At 400~600℃, the magnetic properties of rocks are obviously affected by temperature. The weak magnetic minerals in rocks change into strong magnetic minerals due to high temperature. The magnetic properties are significantly enhanced, and the mass magnetic susceptibility increases rapidly. At 600~800℃, due to the Curie temperature, the magnetic domains of a large number of ferromagnetic and ferromagnetic minerals collapse, and then convert to paramagnetism, the magnetic properties of rocks weaken, and the mass susceptibility decreases rapidly.

(2) The change of magnetic mineral particle structure and size will lead to the change of rock mass magnetism. When rocks are heated at high temperature, their mass magnetic susceptibility is proportional to their particle size. In the same heating environment at the same temperature, the larger the particle size is, the higher the mass magnetic susceptibility is. This is because after heat treatment, the larger the particle size is, due to the higher content of iron minerals in the original rock sample, as well as the influence of thermal stress and chemical transformation, The magnetic mineral particles inside will shift from multi-domain (MD) to single domain (SD) and pseudo-single domain (PSD), and the magnetic domains of the magnetic particles will be ordered, and more residual magnetization will be obtained, and the mass magnetization will also increase.

(3) The magnetic properties of rocks are affected by the oxygen content in the heating environment. The mass magnetic susceptibility of the samples in the aerobic environment is generally higher than that in the anaerobic environment, and this difference is most obvious at 600℃. The main reason is that the proportion of magnetite and hematite content in the iron oxide is affected by the oxygen concentration. Compared with hematite, magnetite is easier to form, which greatly improves the thermal remanent magnetization of rocks. As a result, the magnetic enhancement of rocks heated in anaerobic environment is more obvious than that in aerobic environment, and the mass magnetization rate increases significantly.

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