纯水液压具有环境友好、安全和清洁等优点，在食品、造纸、冶金等工业领域具有广泛的应用前景。随着材料科学和现代加工技术的发展，纯水液压技术己成为国内外液压界新的研究热点。但由于水介质的粘度低、汽化压力高和腐蚀性强，使得研制纯水液压控制阀面临着解决腐蚀、气蚀侵蚀等诸多技术难题。而气蚀一直是液压阀中经常发生的一个最严重的问题，随着液压系统向高速、高压及微型化发展，特别是纯水液压方向的迅速发展，气蚀问题显得更为突出。 本文以油压溢流阀的设计方法为基础，进行了直动式纯水液压溢流阀的设计，并考虑到纯水液压传动介质的理化特性，论述了纯水溢流阀的设计理论和方法与传统油压阀的异同。 纯水溢流阀作为纯水液压系统的关键元件之一，其性能对纯水液压系统的性能有重要的影响。本文对直动式纯水溢流阀的静、动态特性进行了分析，并建立了溢流阀动态特性的数学模型，利用Matlab软件及其软件包Simulink模块对其进行仿真，并对仿真结果进行了分析，得出了其主要参数对纯水溢流阀动态性能的影响。 最后，本文利用Fluent软件应用有限体积数值计算方法对水压阀流道内流场进行数值模拟和可视化研究，通过对水压阀CFD稳态模型的建模及分析，得到了水压阀内流场的压力分布、速度矢量分布、紊流动能分布以及能量耗散分布，以此为依据可以对流道的结构进行优化设计，为设计出高效率、低能耗、低噪声的水压锥阀提供理论依据。

Water hydraulic has a growing technology area mainly due to environmental, safety and cleanness.Water hydraulic systems have proved to the best technology alternative in some industrial sectors such as food, paper, steel and power industry. With the development of material science and modern technology, Water hydraulics have been a new study point in and abroad. However, due to low viscidity, high vaporization pressure and erosion of water medium, water hydraulic relief valve face technical difficulties such as erosion, cavitation failure and so on. Along with hydraulic systems developing with high speed, high pressure and micro systems, especially development of water hydraulics, cavitation is more and more outstanding. Designing the pure water relief valve is summarized basing on oil valve in the paper. Besides, the way of designing of water relief valve has been distinguished from the traditional one on the basis of the special properties of pure water. As one of the key components of water hydraulic system, water relief valve plays an important role in water hydraulic system. This paper has carried out analysis on Static and dynamic property of water relief valve and has built pure water flooding valve dynamic behaviour mathematic model. Applying commercial simulation software Matlab and simulink, the dynamic characteristics of water relief valve was numerically investigated With different main parameters. At last, numerical simulation and visualizing research are made on the flow field in water hydraulic valves by applying Fluent in the paper. Through water pressure valve model and the improved model’s CFD steady state model and analysis, the pressure distribution, velocity distribution, disorderly flow energy distribution, energy distribution can be obtained. Basing on it, the optimization being in progress designs the Runner structure, which offers the theory foundation for designing water hydraulic valves with the high efficiency, low energy loss and low noise.