水煤浆是一种极具发展潜力的清洁燃料。在制备水煤浆时，为了使浆液具有较好的流动性、较低的黏度和很好的稳定性，必须加入一定的分散剂。目前，聚羧酸盐分散剂在水煤浆的制备中使用最为广泛。论文旨在制备一种适合神府煤使用的新型聚羧酸盐分散剂，研究新型分散剂配制的水煤浆的工艺条件及水煤浆的性能。 本文使用对氨基苯磺酸与甲醛、丙酮共聚，合成了一种改性SAF(N-SAF)水煤浆分散剂。采用红外光谱和相对分子量以及固化率的测定表征了分散剂的结构，结果表明，所合成的产物分子结构与目标产物的分子结构一致。通过单因素实验和正交实验确定了分散剂合成的最佳条件，在摩尔比为对氨基苯环酸钠：亚硫酸钠：丙酮：甲醛=2:6:25:50，磺化温度为55 ℃，磺化时间为50min，缩合温度为75 ℃，缩合时间为2.5h时，合成的分散剂性能最好。 使用制备的N-SAF分散剂配制一系列的神府煤水煤浆，通过测定不同水煤浆的粘度来确定最佳的配方用量，并按照国标要求测定了最佳的水煤浆的发热量，灰分，硫分等。结果表明，当煤粉为60g时，分散剂的添加量为0.5g，（分散剂占干煤粉的0.83%），稳定剂为0.1g时，所制得的水煤浆粘度最低，为668mPa•s，析水率也小于10%，且具有较好的稳定性，最高成浆浓度为63%。制备的N-SAF分散剂与市售的分散剂相比，具有用量较小、制浆浓度可提高、粘度较小和稳定性较好等优点。测定改性SAF分散剂的硫含量和氮含量，结果表明，水煤浆中的硫含量和氮含量仅分别比原煤中的提高了0.01%和0.02%，说明改性SAF分散剂对环境的污染较小。 将N-SAF应用到晋城煤和韩城煤中，发现制备的水煤浆也具有较好的分散效果。并且随着煤变质程度的提高，N-SAF可配制更高浓度的水煤浆制品。 水煤浆的分散剂的成浆机理主要是能有效地吸附在煤颗粒的表面，从而提高煤的亲水性，并且能在煤颗粒的表面形成双电层的立体障碍，使煤粒分散开来。

Coal Water Slurry(CWS)was regarded as a type of clean fuel. In order to make a slurry with good fluidity, low viscosity and good stability, a certain dispersant should be added in the preparation of CWS. Currently, anionic dispersants were used most widely. This paper aimed to prepare a suitable new anionic dispersant for Shenfu coal and studied the process conditions and performance of CWS. In this paper, a modified dispersant of CWS, namely N-SAF, was synthesized by a copolymerization of sulfanilic acid, formaldehyde and acetone copolymer. The structure of the dispersant was characterized by IR spectrum, relative molecular weight and the curing rate. The results showed that the molecular structure of the synthesized products were consistented with the target products. Optimal conditions of synthesis were determined by single factor and orthogonal experiments. When the mol proportion were sodium sulfanilate: sodium sulfite: acetone: formaldehyde = 2:6:25:50, the sulfonated temperature was 55 ℃, sulfonated time was 50min, condensation temperature was 75 ℃, condensation time was 2.5h, the performance of synthetic dispersant was the best . A series of Shenfu CWS was formulated by N-SAF. The viscosity of different CWS has been measured to determine the optimal dosage. According to the national standard, the optimal conditions had been measured, such as calorific value, ash, sulfur and so on. The results showed that when the quality of pulverized coal was 60g, the dispersant 0.5g, ( ) and the stabilizer 0.1g, the viscosity of the obtained CWS was the lowest, i.e. 668mPa•s. At the same time, the drainage rate was less than 10%, the slurry had good stability, and the maximum slurry concentration was 63%. N-SAF dispersant was prepared with a commercially available dispersing agent, the advantage of N-SAF was smaller amount, pulp concentration increased, low viscosity and good stability. By applying the N-SAF to the Jincheng Coal and Hancheng coal, the dispersion in the CWS was found to be better. The sulfur content and nitrogen content had been measured in the CWS with the N-SAF. The results showed that the sulfur content and nitrogen content were increased by only 0.01% and 0.02% of CWS, compared with the raw coal. It indicated that the N- SAF dispersant had less pollution to the environment. The mechanism of slurry dispersant of CWS is mainly can be effectively adsorbed on the surface of coal particles, which can improve the hydrophilicity of coal, the formation of steric hindrance of electric double layersurface and in the coal particles, that made the coal particle disperse.