本文采用浓硫酸磺化法制备了聚乙烯醇硫酸钠(SPS)，以部分中和的丙烯酸、淀粉和SPS为原料，N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NMBA)为交联剂，过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂，采用水溶液聚合法合成了淀粉接枝丙烯酸-聚乙烯醇硫酸钠互穿网络高吸水树脂(SA-IP-SPS)，并对其性能进行了评价。 SPS的红外光谱分析表明了1131cm-1和617cm-1处有较强的伸缩振动峰和强弯曲振动峰，通过对比可以发现这两个峰在PVA中没有出现，这一结果说明在SPS分子链上有-OSO3-。测定其酯化度为74%~76%。 利用单因素法和正交实验法优化了制备工艺，确定的合成SA-IP-SPS最佳工艺条件为：各物质的用量(以丙烯酸用量为基数)，淀粉3.3%，SPS 8.0%，交联剂0.067%，引发剂0.27%；反应温度70℃；丙烯酸中和度90%。此条件下制得SA-IP-SPS的吸水倍率和吸盐水倍率分别达到1784.27g/g和128.69g/g。 研究了SA-IP-SPS对不同溶液的吸收性能，以及不同温度下的吸水能力和重复吸水能力。研究发现，合成的SA-IP-SPS高吸水树脂的吸水膨胀现象可以用Flory膨胀理论加以解释。产品在电解质溶液中对于同一种阴离子或阳离子吸水能力随着反离子电荷数的增加而减小，在醇溶液中的吸液性能要好于电解质溶液中的吸液性能，在含N溶液中的吸水能力随阴离子电荷数的增加而降低。在不同pH值溶液中，中性溶液中具有最大的吸水能力。200℃以下，温度对SA-IP-SPS的吸水能力影响不大，具有较好的重复吸水能力。 研究了SA-IP-SPS在高速离心和自然状态下的保水性能，产品在高速离心的情况下仍具有良好的保水性能；在自然状态下，吸水凝胶会缓慢的释水。 研究了SA-IP-SPS的吸水速率和在有机溶剂中的相变情况。SA-IP-SPS属于离子型吸水树脂，吸水速率较慢，5小时达到饱和吸水量。SA-IP-SPS在水/丙酮混合溶剂中，随着丙酮浓度的增大会出现相转变，凝胶体积减少，导致吸水率下降。 SA-IP-SPS的红外光谱、TG-DSC、扫描电镜分析表明，SPS通过缠结作用牢固的嵌入在聚合网络结构内，是一种具有互穿网络结构的高吸水树脂。SA-IP-SPS的热稳定性比单纯的淀粉接枝丙烯酸高吸水树脂(SA)好。

Sodium Polyvinyl alcohol sulfate(SPS) was prepared through the sulfonation of the hydroxyl groups of Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) using oil of vitriol as sulfonating agent. Partly netralized acrylic acid，starch and SPS were used as raw materials of solution polymerization to synthesize starch-g-acrylic acid superabsorbents interpenetrated with SPS(SA-IP-SPS),and N,N’-methylene bisacrylamide(NMBA) as crosslinker and ammonium persulfate(APS) as initiator. The infrared spectrum analysis of SPS showed there were relatively strong stretching vibration band and very strong bending vibration bands at 1131cm-1 and 617cm-1. Through comparing,it can be found the two absorption peak did not appear in PVA,and this result explained there was sulfonic group on molecular chains of SPS. Its esterification degree was measured and it was 74%~76%. In this paper,the polymerization conditions of SA-IP-SPS,including reaction temperature,the degree of neutralization and the dosage of starch,crosslinker,initiator and SPS were investigated respectively by ways of signal fator analysis experiments and optimized by orthogonal design experiment.The experiment results showed the optimal polymerization conditions were as follow: the dosage of starch, SPS,crosslinker,initiator , was 3.3%、8.0%、0.067%、0.27% respectively(taking the dosage of AA as cardinal number),and the reaction temperature was 70℃,and the degree of neutralization was 90%. Under the optimal conditions，the highest water absorbency and saline absorbency of the product were about 1784.27g/g and 128.69g/g respectively. The water absorbability of the products in different kinds of solution,under different temperature and repeating absorbability were discussed. The experiment results showed that inflated behavior could be explained by Flory’inflation theory. The water absorbability in electrolyte solution was less along with the anti-ions’charge for the same cation or anion.The absorbability in alcohol solution was more than that in electrolyte solution. The water absorbability in different solution containning N element reduced with the anion charge increasing, and the best absorbability has been received in pH=7.Under 200℃,the effect of temperature on absorbency was slight.Besides, repeating absorbability of product was good. The water retention in high-speed centrifugation conditions and in nature conditions for the products have been studied. The experiment results showed that the product exhibit excellent water retention in high-speed centrifugation conditions,and they losted absorbed water when they were prolonged in nature conditions. Water absorption rate and gel transition in organic solvent of SA-IP-SPS were also investigated. SA-IP-SPS is ionic SAP,so water absorption rate is relatively slow and reaching satuiated water adsorptive needs 5h.In the solvent mixture of water and acetone, SA-IP-SPS occurred gel transition and the volume reduced with increase of the acetone amount,which leaded to decrease of the water absorbability. The IR, TG-DSC and SEM indicated that SPS had been embedded in the polymeric network of polyacrylate through en-tanglement with polymeric chains.SA-IP-SPS was an novel superabsorbent with the interpenetrating network structure.And Thermal Stability of SA-IP-SPS was better than SA’s