我国煤炭资源丰富，开采和使用量巨大，煤自燃现象也非常严重，严重影响着煤矿的开采和煤炭行业的发展。随着现代科技的进步和国家煤矿安全的重视，煤自燃火灾防治手段得到了更快的发展。其中利用阻化剂防治煤自然发火是非常的经济实惠，并且能达到很好的效果，这种简单高效的防灭火技术措施，在国内外许多的矿井中都得到了很好的应用，并且取得了显著的效果。 本文选用常见的3种物理阻化剂和3种化学阻化剂，加入一定量的清水中，分别制成20%阻化剂溶液对煤样进行阻化处理，通过被动的加温，研究阻化剂对煤样自燃特性参数影响，以CO产生量、耗氧速率、特征温度、阻化率和煤样升温速率为评价方法评价阻化剂的阻化效果，选出对黄陵1号矿煤样达到阻化效果最优的物理阻化剂MgCl2和效果最优的化学阻化剂CO(NH2)2，然后将这两种单一的阻化剂进行复配。研究复合阻化剂在不同浓度和不同配比时的阻化效果，对实验结果分析得到，复合阻化剂溶液浓度越高，阻化效果越好，通过综合分析得到，浓度为20%时复合阻化剂的性价比最高。在复合阻化剂浓度为20%，改变物理阻化剂和化学阻化的配比，得到MgCl2和CO(NH2)2复配比例为1:3时阻化效果最优。最后通过红外光谱实验，分析复合阻化剂对煤分子中活性官能团产生的影响。实验表明：经复合阻化剂处理后，随阻化剂浓度的升高，煤样活性官能团的数量减少越明显；在复合阻化剂浓度为20%，随着化学阻化剂所占比例升高，煤样活性官能团的数量减少越明显。从微观进一步验证了复合阻化剂对煤样的阻化具有双重抑制作用，能更好的抑制煤的氧化，防止煤自燃的发生。 本文结合宏观和微观两方面，探索了能够抑制煤氧化放热过程的高效阻化剂，为进一步研究阻化剂的复配，提供了新的思路。研究结果对阻化剂防治煤自燃具有重要实践指导意义。

China's coal resources are very rich, mining and consumption is huge, and the phenomenon of spontaneous combustion of coal is very serious, which seriously affect the development of coal mine safety and coal mining industries. With modern advances in technology and national attention on mine safety, for the prevention of spontaneous combustion of coal fire disaster also means faster and better development. Wherein the use of Inhibitors of coal spontaneous combustion prevention technology is very affordable, and can achieve good results, this simple and efficient prevention and extinguishing technology, in many of the mines at home and abroad have been very good application , and it has made a more significant effect. The paper chose three common physical blocking agents and three chemical blocking agent, after adding a certain amount of water, are made with 20% blocking agent solution on the coal samples resistance processing, through passive plus effect of temperature study of inhibitors of coal sample spontaneous combustion characteristic parameters, in order to produce the amount of CO, oxygen consumption rate, characteristic temperature, the resistance ratio and coal heating rate of evaluation methods to evaluate the effect of blocking resistance of the agent. Optimized for Huangling coal mine No. 1 of the best effects of physical barrier blocking agent MgCl2 and effect optimal chemical resistance agent CO(NH2)2, then these two single blocking agent were mixed ratio , composite blocking agent blocking effects at different concentrations and different proportions of the experimental results obtained, the higher the resistance of the composite solution concentration, the better the barrier effect. Through comprehensive analysis found that the concentration of the highest price of 20% of the composite Retarder. In composite barrier agent concentration of 20% of the premise, change the physical and chemical barrier blocking agents of ratio to yield MgCl2 and CO(NH2)2 mixing ratio of 1:3, the optimal barrier effect. Finally, infrared spectroscopy experiment analyzes the influence of inhibitors of complex coal molecule reactive functional group. Experiments show that: After blocking agents processing complex, with the blocking agent concentration, reduce the number of coal molecule reactive functional group of the more obvious; composite barrier agent concentration of 20%, with the chemical agent resistance the proportion rises to reduce the number of coal samples reactive functional group of the more obvious. This is further validated from the microscopic point of view on the complex blocking agent for coal has a dual inhibition of resistance, better able to inhibit the oxidation of coal, to prevent the occurrence of spontaneous combustion of coal. In this paper, both macro and micro, explore the exothermic oxidation process of coal can be suppressed efficiently blocking agent for further study retarder complex provides a new way of thinking. The results of blocking agent to prevent coal spontaneous combustion has important practical significance.