基层治理是国家治理的重要部分，实现基层治理现代化是推进我国国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要课题。基层治理现代化就是要在治理理念、治理体系、治理机制、治理能力等四个方面实现现代化，其根本目的就是更好地保障广大人民群众的根本利益、服务人民群众、满足人民群众需求。这与群众路线的“一切为了群众，一切依靠群众，从群众中来，到群众中去，把党的正确主张变成群众的自觉行动”的深刻内涵不谋而合。一方面，坚持和贯彻群众路线是实现基层治理现代化的重要手段和必然选择，另一方面，实现基层治理现代化是新时代下践行群众路线的有效载体。

本文采取实证研究的方式，以宝鸡S镇推进基层治理现代化的实践为案例，分析S镇推进基层治理现代化的实践成效，根据调查问卷与走访调研得到相关数据，来分析S镇在实现基层治理现代化过程中遇到的问题及成因。调研发现，S镇在推进基层治理现代化中存在着干部队伍乏力、治理主体单一、群众参与率低、党组织作用发挥不足等问题，这也是目前基层治理现代化实现过程中的共性问题。经分析，其原因在基层治理理念滞后、治理体系不完善、治理机制不健全、治理能力不足。基于此，在加强党的全面领导的大前提下，要做到以下几方面，第一，要以人民为中心，坚定为人民服务的治理理念；第二，密切联系群众，构建多元主体基层治理体系；第三，以群众为依靠，健全基层治理机制；第四，汲取群众力量，促进基层治理能力现代化。以此，来得出本文的中心结论，实现基层治理现代化就必须坚持和贯彻群众路线。

Grass-roots governance is an important part of national governance, and the modernization of grass-roots governance is an important issue in promoting the modernization of China's national governance system and governance capacity. Modernizing grass-roots governance means modernizing the concept of governance, the system of governance, the mechanism of governance, and the capacity to govern, with the fundamental aim of better safeguarding the fundamental interests of the masses, serving the masses, and meeting the needs of the masses. This coincides with the profound connotation of the mass line of "all for the masses, all relying on the masses, coming from the masses, going to the masses, and turning the correct propositions of the Party into the conscious actions of the masses". On the one hand, adherence to and implementation of the mass line is an important means and inevitable choice to realize the modernization of grass-roots governance, and on the other hand, the modernization of grass-roots governance is an effective carrier to practice the mass line in the new era.

This paper adopts an empirical research approach to analyze the effectiveness of grass-roots governance practices in Baoji S-town, taking the practice of grass-roots governance in S-town as a case study, and analyzing the problems and causes encountered by S-town in the process of modernizing grass-roots governance based on the questionnaires and relevant data obtained from the visits and surveys. The research found that there are problems in the grassroots governance of S Town, such as the lack of cadres, a single governing body, low participation rate of the masses, and insufficient play of the role of party organizations, which are also common problems in the process of modernization of grassroots governance at present. Upon analysis, the reasons for this are lagging behind in the concept of grassroots governance, imperfect governance system, unsound governance mechanism, and insufficient governance capacity. Based on this, under the premise of strengthening the overall leadership of the party, the following aspects should be achieved: firstly, to take the people as the center and firmly serve the people's concept of governance; secondly, to closely contact with the masses and build a multi-subject grass-roots governance system; thirdly, to rely on the masses and improve the grass-roots governance mechanism; and fourthly, to draw on the power of the masses and realize the modernization of grass-roots governance capacity. In this way, the central conclusion of this paper is that to realize the modernization of grassroots governance, it is necessary to adhere to and implement the mass line.