随着交互技术的发展与进步，工厂生产设备实现了数字化转型。数字化电阻焊机的自动化程度与焊接效率高，在工程机械、汽车工业、航空航天等领域均得到了应用普及与发展，但在实际使用中问题仍然突出，集中反映在电阻焊机人机界面的可用性问题，造成用户操作效率低下、任务完成准确度不高、企业培训成本与废品率上升、生产安全等问题。因此，对电阻焊机人机界面的可用性问题研究具有一定的现实意义。

本课题首先基于理论研究，对人机界面可用性理论及可用性评估方法与评估指标进行梳理，为整体研究工作提供参考与方法的指引。通过访谈、问卷调查等方式，从电阻焊机适用场景和用户的角度归纳电阻焊机的使用特点，包括界面架构、可执行的任务、用户对产品的不满与期待等与可用性相关的问题，并通过使用频率与重要性筛选出可供进一步实验的典型任务，为后续通过眼动实验多维度发掘更多可用性问题提供方向与依据。同时建立用于评估电阻焊机人机界面的可用性评估模型。

其次，将研究的电阻焊机界面利用Axure绘制成仿真交互程序，通过绩效测试、问卷这些传统的可用性评估方法，与眼动实验相结合，对电阻焊机仿真交互程序进行可用性水平测试，收集有效数据共18位测试用户的数据，对获取的传统可用性评估数据和通过眼动实验获取的数据，作出合理的分析与解释，进而整理总结电阻焊机人机界面存在的可用性问题。之后对挖掘的可用性问题一一针对性优化，利用Axure重新绘制优化后界面的仿真交互程序，对优化后新的电阻焊机人机界面进行可用性对比测试，通过数据对比具体分析优化的合理性与可行性。

最后在构建的电阻焊机人机界面可用性评估模型的基础上，结合熵权法计算数据的客观权重，排除量纲对结果的影响，得到维度的对比评估结果。采用CRITIC对指标赋权，得到可用性评估结果，验证本课题优化的合理性。

With high automation and welding efficiency, digital resistance welding machine has been widely used and developed in construction machinery, automobile industry, aerospace and other fields. However, the problems are still prominent in the actual use, mainly reflected in the usability of resistance welder man-machine interface. Such availability problems can lead to low efficiency of user operation, low accuracy of task completion, increase of enterprise training cost and reject rate, production safety and other problems. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study the usability of human - machine interface of resistance welder.

Based on theoretical research, this topic firstly combs the man-machine interface usability theory and usability evaluation methods to provide reference and methodological guidance for the overall research work. By combining theory and practice, the usage characteristics of resistance welder are summarized from the perspective of application scenarios and users, including usability related issues such as interface architecture, tasks that can be performed, users' dissatisfaction and expectations of products, etc., and tasks for further experiments are determined to provide direction and basis for exploring more usability problems through multi-dimensional eye movement experiments.

Secondly, the resistance welder interface studied was drawn into a simulation interactive program using Axure, and the usability level of the simulation interactive program was tested by combining performance test, questionnaire and other traditional usability evaluation with eye movement experiment, so as to summarize the usability problems existing in the interface. Then, the usability problems of mining are targeted to optimize, and then the optimized interface is tested for comparative usability, and the rationality and feasibility of optimization are analyzed.

Finally, the usability evaluation model of resistance welder man-machine interface was constructed, and the objective weight of data was calculated by entropy weight method to exclude the influence of dimension on the result analysis, and the optimization results of this topic were verified.

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