开展深埋煤层综放面顺槽煤岩破坏规律及其支护技术研究对保证综放面顺槽安全掘进及开采具有重要工程价值。本文以陕西焦坪矿区某矿2410综放面顺槽支护工程为依托，采用理论分析、室内试验、数值模拟及现场试验相结合的方法开展研究工作，主要内容与结论是：

（1）研究表明，影响2410综放面顺槽围岩破坏的因素包括埋深、顶底板岩性及煤岩特性、水平构造应力、动压扰动、矿井水、采煤方法与支护形式等7个主要因素；为了给顺槽支护参数设计提供地应力分布基础数据，采用套芯应力解除法完成了2410综放面初始地应力分布规律现场测试工作。

（2）完成了不同围压下煤岩三轴压缩破坏全过程试验，同时开展了声发射监测试验。结果表明：在一定围压范围内，煤岩强度随着围压增大而增大，破坏形式由局部剪切破坏向整体剪切破坏转变，由脆性破坏向塑性破坏转变。在峰前弹塑性变形阶段和峰后破坏阶段声发射振铃计数明显增大，说明在静载试验中煤岩变形破坏主要发生在峰前弹塑性变形阶段和峰后破坏阶段。

（3）完成了煤岩三轴压缩下分级循环加载试验，同时开展了声发射监测试验及煤样破坏前后的核磁共振试验。结果表明：煤岩破坏形式为横向拉伸破坏，动载扰动后煤岩破坏程度明显增大，裂隙扩展范围和深度增大，表面剥落更加严重，形成的破碎区较静载试验更大。随着加载频率和振幅的增大，煤岩劣化损伤程度加剧，声发射振铃计数在动载加载初、末期间及峰后破坏阶段明显增大，累计声发射振铃计数增大。煤岩在破坏后T₂谱峰总面积增大，孔隙数量增加、孔隙尺寸增大，且中、大孔占比增加。

（4）基于“加强支护+卸压”的支护设计原则，采用考虑围岩松动圈厚度的自然平衡拱理论完成了2410综放面顺槽支护参数设计，采用FLAC模拟对2410综放面支护参数的合理性进行了评价，研究了2410综放面顺槽围岩在掘进和回采过程中的变形规律，制定了综放面顺槽掘进和回采期间卸压方案。结果表明：顺槽支护参数设计可行，围岩变形满足安全生产的需求。

（5）完成了2410综放面矿压观测、顶板走向松动爆破效果分析、围岩变形及支护结构受力特性监测方案设计与现场监测工作。结果表明：2410综放面初次来压步距为66m，周期来压步距为40m，动载系数为1.7。顺槽围岩变形处于安全范围内，无动力灾害发生，2410综放面实现了安全回采，说明支护方案合理有效。

Research on the damage law of coal and rock along the fully mechanized caving face in deep coal seam and its supporting technology has important engineering value to ensure the safe excavation and mining of fully mechanized caving face. Based on the roadway support project of 2410 fully mechanized caving face in a mine of Jiaoping mining area in Shaanxi Province, the research work is carried out by combining theoretical analysis, laboratory test, numerical simulation and field test. The main contents and conclusions are as follows :

(1) The research shows that the factors affecting the failure of the surrounding rock along the 2410 fully mechanized caving face include seven main factors, buried depth, roof and floor lithology and coal-rock characteristics, horizontal tectonic stress, dynamic pressure disturbance, mine water, mining method and support form ; in order to provide the basic data of in-situ stress distribution for the design of groove support parameters, the in-situ stress distribution law of 2410 fully mechanized caving face was tested by core stress relief method.

(2) The whole process test of triaxial compression failure of coal and rock under different confining pressures was completed, and the acoustic emission monitoring test was carried out. The results show that within a certain confining pressure range, the strength of coal rock increases with the increase of confining pressure, and the failure mode changes from local shear failure to overall shear failure, and from brittle failure to plastic failure. The number of acoustic emission ringing increases significantly in the pre-peak elastic-plastic deformation stage and the post-peak failure stage, indicating that the deformation and failure of coal and rock mainly occur in the pre-peak elastic-plastic deformation stage and the post-peak failure stage.

(3) The cyclic loading test of coal rock under triaxial compression was completed, and the acoustic emission monitoring test and nuclear magnetic resonance test of coal samples before and after failure were carried out. The results show that the failure mode of coal and rock is transverse tensile failure. After dynamic load disturbance, the failure degree of coal and rock increases significantly, the crack propagation range and depth increase, and the surface spalling is more serious. The formed fracture zone is larger than that of static load test. With the increase of loading frequency and amplitude, the degree of deterioration and damage of coal and rock is aggravated. The acoustic emission ringing count increases significantly at the beginning, end and post-peak failure stages of dynamic loading, and the cumulative acoustic emission ringing count increases. After the destruction of coal and rock, the total area of T₂ spectrum peak increases, the number of pores increases, the pore size increases, and the proportion of medium and large pores increases.

(4) Based on the support design principle of " strengthening support + pressure relief, " the natural balance arch theory considering the thickness of surrounding rock loose circle is used to complete the design of the support parameters of the 2410 fully mechanized caving face. The rationality of the support parameters of the 2410 fully mechanized caving face is evaluated by FLAC simulation. The deformation law of the surrounding rock of the 2410 fully mechanized caving face in the process of excavation and mining is studied, and the pressure relief scheme during the excavation and mining of the fully mechanized caving face is formulated. The results show that the design of supporting parameters is feasible, and the deformation of surrounding rock meets the needs of safe production.

(5) Completed the 2410 fully mechanized caving face ground pressure observation, roof trend loose blasting effect analysis, surrounding rock deformation and supporting structure stress characteristics monitoring scheme design and field monitoring work. The results show that the initial weighting interval of 2410 fully mechanized caving face is 66 m, the periodic weighting interval is 40 m, and the dynamic load coefficient is 1.7. The deformation of surrounding rock along the trough is within the safe range, and there is no dynamic disaster. The safe mining of 2410 fully mechanized caving face is realized, indicating that the support scheme is reasonable and effective.

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