针对陕北国家煤炭基地大量现役煤仓煤流冲刷破坏问题，采用实验测试、现场调研、数值模拟、理论分析的研究方法，对千万吨级大型现役煤仓煤流块体入仓运动规律进行了系统研究。建立颗粒流冲击煤仓仓壁的离散元模型，研究不同撞击过程对煤仓壁面造成的撞击损害规律，提出控制煤流撞击损害技术方案。针对柠条塔1800万吨产能煤流煤仓损害难题，开展现役煤仓损害研究，进行损害防护优化，为大型煤仓运营生产安全提供了科学支撑。主要的研究成果如下：

（1）煤流物理力学参数测定和仿真参数的拟定。通过对柠条塔煤矿现役煤仓原仓煤流的煤粒块体进行现场选样，按照岩石物理力学性能测定标准，实验室测定样品的单轴抗压强度、密度等参数；利用模拟软件进行单轴实验的模拟拟合，确定模拟仿真的充填体积分数赋参值为0.61。

（2）通过EDEM软件，模拟煤流撞击仓壁运动。基于控制变量法的原则，对速度、密度、角度及体积大小进行控制限定，以被撞击面能量积累的大小反应被撞击面的撞击程度；通过仿真模拟分析各个因素对仓壁撞击程度的影响程度和关系，并拟合出对仓壁撞击程度最小的运输方式（煤流运动方式）。

（3）建立煤仓仓壁煤流撞击损害模型，模拟新型双复合修复材料的抗冲能力。引入恢复系数对撞击后的速度进行求值，并通过动能及势能的损失量进行计算，得到仓壁能量累计值，判断出撞击损害最小的入射速度及角度，验证最小冲击方案的合理性。同时选取新型材料作为已经冲击破坏的仓壁修补材料，对新型材料在撞击的过程进行仿真模拟，结果显示新型材料的引入能够有效改善现阶段的冲击状态。

（4）基于模拟及理论计算，对现役落煤仓进行螺旋溜槽的优化。根据最小撞击程度的运输方案及螺旋溜槽中的煤流运动受力状态进行落煤筒仓的优化，并对优化后的落煤仓进行生产运输的模拟，结果显示，优化后的煤仓能量积累较少，冲击程度降低，并可实现中心低速落煤，减少了二次冲击。同时通过FLAC^3D对优化后的落煤筒进行螺旋溜槽添加的可能性和安全性模拟分析。

Aiming at the problem of coal flow impact damage in a large number of active coal bunkers at the national coal base in northern Shaanxi, a systematic study on the movement law of coal flow blocks into bunkers of large active coal bunkers of 10 million tons is carried out using the research methods of experimental testing, field research, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. The discrete element model of particle flow impacting coal bin wall was established to study the impact damage law caused by different impacting processes to the coal bin wall and propose the technical solutions to control the coal flow impact damage. Aiming at the damage problem of coal flow silo of 18 million tons capacity in Lemon Tower, we carried out the damage study of existing coal silo and optimized the damage protection, which provided scientific support for the operation and production safety of large coal silo. The main research results are as follows.

(1) Determination of physical and mechanical parameters of coal flow and formulation of simulation parameters. The uniaxial compressive strength, density and other parameters of the samples were measured in the laboratory according to the rock physical and mechanical properties measurement standard.

(2) The motion of coal flow hitting the bin wall was simulated by EDEM software. Based on the principle of control variable method, the velocity, density, angle and volume size are controlled and limited, and the size of the energy accumulation on the impacted surface is used to reflect the impact degree of the impacted surface; through simulation, the degree of influence and relationship of each factor on the impact degree of the bin wall are analyzed, and the transport method (coal flow movement method) with the least impact degree on the bin wall is fitted.

(3) Establishing a coal flow impact damage model of the coal bin wall and simulating the impact resistance of the new repair material. The recovery coefficient is introduced to value the velocity after impact, and the amount of kinetic and potential energy loss is calculated to obtain the cumulative value of energy of the bin wall, to judge the incidence velocity and angle of the minimum impact damage, and to verify the rationality of the minimum impact scheme. At the same time, the new material is selected as the repair material of the impacted wall, and the simulation of the new material in the process of impact is carried out, and the results show that the introduction of the new material can effectively improve the impact state at this stage.

(4) Based on the simulation and theoretical calculation, the spiral chute is optimized for the existing coal drop bin. The optimized coal drop silo is optimized according to the transportation scheme of minimum impact degree and the force state of coal flow movement in the spiral chute, and the optimized coal drop silo is simulated for production transportation. The results show that the optimized coal drop silo has less energy accumulation, the impact degree is reduced, and the central low-speed coal drop can be realized, which reduces the secondary impact. Meanwhile, the possibility and safety simulation of adding spiral chute to the optimized coal drop silo is analyzed by FLAC^3D.

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