华龙煤业主采5号自燃煤层，煤层开采过程中工作面上隅角存在瓦斯浓度超限的问题，严重威胁到煤矿的安全生产。为了解决自燃煤层开采过程中的瓦斯治理问题，本论文以50221综采工作面为研究背景，综合运用了理论分析、现场实测、数值模拟及工业性试验等方法，明确了目标工作面采动裂隙发育规律及其“三带”高度，现场观测得到了采空区气体以及温度分布的特点，并结合模拟结果得出了采动裂隙场内气体分布规律，在研究分析了瓦斯抽采措施对采空区瓦斯运移与煤自燃影响特性后，确定了兼顾瓦斯与煤自燃防治的瓦斯治理关键技术参数，并且考察了瓦斯和煤自燃灾害综合治理措施的应用。本论文主要取得了以下成果：

（1）通过UDEC数值模拟分析得到了采空区覆岩运移和裂隙发育规律，并结合裂隙“三带”高度经验公式，得到了冒落带的最高高度为12m、裂隙带的最高高度为38m的结果，所得的结果为后续采空区气体运移数值模拟提供了必要的参数依据。

（2）通过对采空区气体浓度以及温度分布的现场观测，得到了采空区气体成分以及温度分布的变化规律，实测结果表明，随采空区深度增加瓦斯浓度处于上升状态，氧气浓度处于下降状态，CO浓度与升温区域存在一致性，呈现先增加后减小并在氧化带聚集的趋势。在进风侧，距工作面42m处开始至88m处结束均为瓦斯可爆区域，而距工作面45m处开始至92.5m处结束均为氧化带范围；在回风侧，距工作面29m处开始至71m处结束均为瓦斯可爆区域，而距工作面37m处开始至82m处结束均为氧化带范围，瓦斯与氧气浓度的分布存在重叠致灾区域。

（3）运用Fluent数值模拟软件结合现场实测数据综合分析了采空区漏风流场特征和气体浓度的分布规律，阐述了瓦斯和煤自燃灾害的致灾原因，模拟结果表明，采空区受U型通风一源一汇特点的影响，回风侧上隅角瓦斯存在超限问题，工作面进风侧漏风较大、氧化带最宽，且与瓦斯可爆区域存在重合部分。

（4）模拟研究了“U型通风+高位钻孔瓦斯抽采”措施下采空区漏风流场以及气体浓度场的分布特点，研究了不同风量、终孔平距、终孔垂距和抽采负压对瓦斯抽采效率、上隅角瓦斯治理效果、自燃发火情况以及复合致灾危险区分布情况的影响，得出合适的风量为900m³/min，合适的平距为10~40m，合适的垂距为20m且合适的抽采负压为10kPa。

（5）根据采煤工作面实际情况设计了综合防治技术方案并进行了现场工业性试验，对瓦斯抽采的效果、上隅角瓦斯治理效果以及自燃防治效果进行了监测及评价，结果显示，瓦斯抽采混合流量平均为11.9m³/min，抽采瓦斯浓度平均为16.3%，抽采瓦斯纯量平均为1.95m³/min，抽采期间上隅角瓦斯浓度平均为0.38%，支架后部CO浓度呈下降趋势，平均值为6.1PPm。现场工业性试验期间，瓦斯抽采效果理想，上隅角瓦斯浓度符合《煤矿安全规程》中的相关规定，并未由瓦斯治理引起遗煤自燃的问题。

The No.5 coal seam in Hualong Coal Mine belongs to the spontaneous combustion coal seam. In the process of coal seam mining, there is a problem of gas concentration exceeding the limit in the upper corner of the working face. In order to solve the problem of gas control in the process of spontaneous combustion coal seam mining, this paper takes 50221 fully mechanized mining face as the research background, and comprehensively uses a variety of research methods to simulate and analyze the development law of mining cracks in the target working face. Through field observation, the distribution characteristics of gas and temperature in goaf are obtained. The simulation obtained the gas distribution law in the mining-induced fracture field and the influence characteristics of gas migration and coal spontaneous combustion in the goaf during the extraction period, and determined the key technical parameters of gas control considering the prevention and control of gas and coal spontaneous combustion. The application of comprehensive prevention and control measures for gas and coal spontaneous combustion disasters was studied. The research results are as follows :

(1) Through UDEC numerical simulation analysis, the law of overburden rock migration and fracture development in goaf is obtained. Combined with the empirical formula of fracture ' three zones ' height, the highest height of caving zone is 12 m, and the highest height of fracture zone is 38 m. The results provide the necessary parameter basis for the subsequent numerical simulation of gas migration in goaf.

(2) Through the field observation of the gas concentration and temperature distribution in the goaf, the variation law of the gas composition and temperature distribution in the goaf is obtained. The results show that with the increase of the depth of the goaf, the gas concentration increases, the oxygen concentration decreases, and the CO concentration is consistent with the heating area, showing a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, and gathering in the oxidation zone. The 42m ~ 88m on the inlet side is the gas explosion zone, and the 45m ~ 92.5m is the oxidation zone. On the return air side, from the beginning of 29m to the end of 71m, it is the gas explosive area, while from the beginning of 37m to the end of 82m, it is the oxidation zone range, and there is an overlapping disaster-causing area between the two.

(3) Using Fluent software combined with field measured data, the characteristics of air leakage flow field and gas concentration distribution in goaf, as well as the causes of gas and coal spontaneous combustion disasters were comprehensively analyzed. The simulation results show that the goaf is affected by the U-shaped ventilation characteristics. There is a problem of gas overrun in the upper corner of the return air side. Air leakage in the working face causes oxidation of residual coal. The air leakage at the inlet side of the working face is large, the oxidation zone is the widest, and it overlaps with the gas explosion area.

(4) The distribution characteristics of air leakage flow field and gas concentration field in goaf under the gas control measures of ' U-type ventilation + high-level borehole ' were simulated and studied. The effects of different air volume, horizontal distance of final hole, vertical distance of final hole and negative pressure on gas extraction efficiency, gas control effect in upper corner, distribution of spontaneous combustion and compound disaster-causing dangerous areas were studied. It is concluded that the air volume is 900m³/min, the horizontal distance is 10m~40m, the vertical distance is 20m, and the negative pressure is 10kPa.

(5) According to the actual situation, the comprehensive prevention and control technology scheme was designed, and the field industrial test was carried out. The gas extraction effect, upper corner gas control effect and spontaneous combustion control effect were monitored and evaluated. The results show that the average extraction mixed flow rate is 11.9m³/min, the average extraction concentration is 16.3%, the average extraction gas purity is 1.95m³/min, the average gas concentration in the upper corner is 0.38% during the extraction period, and the CO concentration behind the support shows a downward trend, with an average value of 6.1ppm. During the test, the gas extraction effect was ideal, the gas concentration met the requirements of the ' Coal Mine Safety Regulations ', and the problem of spontaneous combustion of residual coal was also solved.

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