为了避免立井冻结法施工增加井塔的建设成本和施工周期，需将井塔设计为带转换层的结构。由于托柱式转换梁大跨度和上部传递的巨大荷载，截面尺寸不可避免的高而大，而箱形截面梁有着良好的受力性能，又可以提高截面利用率。因此对大型钢筋混凝土空心转换梁受力性能进行研究具有重要的工程应用价值。 本文在总结分析托柱转换梁和箱形截面梁的受力性能及设计方法的基础上，以中天合创能源有限责任公司门克庆矿井主立井井塔转换梁为研究对象，设计了满足要求的实腹梁，在保证钢筋用量不变前提下，将实腹梁改为空心梁，采用有限元数值模拟对不同截面参数空心梁的极限承载力、设计荷载下的挠度及顶板混凝土压应力、开裂荷载、钢筋屈服荷载和空心梁破坏模式进行分析，得出以下研究结论：（1）空心梁的空心率对其承载力、荷载作用下的挠度有很大的影响，M-2梁空心率为43%时，与实腹梁相比，开裂荷载降低了21.05%，底部纵筋屈服荷载降低了3.36%，极限承载力降低了10.6%，设计荷载为空心梁极限承载力的66.63%；设计荷载作用下的挠度增加了30.36%，但仍小于规范要求的80mm限值；破坏模式由实腹梁的弯曲破坏转变成空心梁的剪压破坏。（2）底板厚度的增加可以降低支座附近的应力集中，减缓支座附近腹板斜裂缝下端混凝土被过早压碎。顶板厚度的增加可以降低加载点处的应力集中，提高空心梁刚度。腹板厚度增加可以提高空心梁抗剪能力，减轻斜裂缝发展，使空心梁由剪压破坏向弯曲破坏转变。本转换梁底板、顶板、腹板的最佳厚度均为500mm。（3）梁端的实腹部分可以大大减轻支座处腹板下部斜裂缝的开裂发展，避免过早的发生剪压破坏，提高梁的抗剪能力，同时有效抑制弯剪区斜裂缝的开展。实腹段最佳长度为2400mm。（4）空心梁设置承托和倒角可以提高梁的刚度、极限承载力，降低挠度及底板、顶板和腹板交界处的应力集中现象，改善梁的受力性能，同时使裂缝的发展较均匀。 本文通过对大型钢筋混凝土空心梁进行一系列有限元数值模拟，并和实腹梁的受力性能进行对比，得出了空心转换梁的一些设计及施工建议，为进一步理论研究和工程设计提供参考。

In order to avoid increasing construction period and construction costs of shaft towers which vertical shaft use freezing method construction, shaft towers require a transformation layer. Due to the upper transfer large load and large span, the section size of transfer beam supporting pillars is very large. And box girder has good mechanical properties and the higher utilization rate of cross section, therefore, the study of hollow transfer beam has important engineering application value. This paper summarizes the mechanical properties and design method of the transfer beam supporting pillars and box girder, based on the transfer beam of Zhongtian Hechuang Energy Co., Ltd Menkeqing mine main shaft well tower, design the plain girder and the hollow beam who has the same steel consumption, use finite element software to analysis ultimate bearing capacity, deflection and roof concrete compressive stress under the design load, cracking load, rebar yield load and the hollow beam failure mode of different cross section parameters of the hollow beams, get the following conclusion:(1) when the hollow ratio reaches 43%, compared with plain girder, the deflection under the design load increases by 30.36%, still less than 80 mm of specification limits; cracking load reducing by 21.05%, the yield load of longitudinal reinforcement at bottom reduce by 3.36%, ultimate load reduce by 10.6%, design load for hollow beam is 66.63% of the ultimate load;Failure mode changes from bending failure of plain girder into shear damage of hollow beam. So, hollow beam mechanical performance meet the requirements.(2)The increase of the plate thickness can reduce the stress concentration near support, slow web plate concrete crushed at the bottom of inclined cracks near support to avoid prematurely shear failure. Thickness of top plate increases can reduce the stress concentration at loading point, improve the hollow beam stiffness. Web thickness increase can improve the ability of hollow beam shear, lighten the diagonal crack development, make the hollow beam by shear damage to bending failure. Under the condition of this paper, the best thickness of the floor, roof, web plate is 500 mm.(3)Solid web part beam side can greatly reduce the diagonal crack propagation of the lower web, avoid the occurrence of premature shear damage, increase the ability of beam shear, and effectively restrain inclined cracks of bend shear zone. Solid web best length is 2400 mm.(4)Hollow beam with bearing can improve the stiffness of beam, improve the ultimate bearing capacity, reduce the deflection, lower stress concentration phenomenon of floor, roof and web plate junction, improve the mechanical property of beam, at the same time make the crack development relatively uniform. Through a series of finite element simulation of the large reinforced concrete hollow beams, this paper presents some design suggestions of hollow transfer beam compared the mechanical properties with plain girder, and laid a certain foundation for the development of the form of conversion components.