传统的产业生产方式、经营方式以及产品科技水平低下、资源消耗巨大的行业由于世界经济的迅速发展及集聚，已经完全不能按照现有的发展要求进行生产、投资。因此，三次产业调整已经成为当前经济发展必不可少的途径。长安区是促进西部大开发和关中---天水经济区发展的一个重要组成部分，对其进行产业结构调整，不仅能促进其自身经济的快速增长，也能为西安其他区县的发展模式提供参考和借鉴，所以对长安区产业结构的分析和优化调整有着十分重要的意义。 　　　论文首先对产业结构的相关概念和国内外学者对产业结构理论的研究进行了综述，清晰的了解了产业结构调整的重点和方向。在理论的基础上，对长安区产业结构的整体演进进行了分析，从第一产业内部发展现状、工业内部发展现状、第三产业内部发展现状三方面对长安区产业结构发展现状进行分析；其次，通过收集整理归纳长安区发展的一些重要数据，对长安区历年来的产业结构演进和城市化发展历程进行分析研究，归纳出产业结构演进和城市化发展特点；再次，科学的运用经济学方法，利用Eviews5.0软件对相关数据进行处理与分析，进而研究长安区产业结构调整和城市化发展的相互关系和作用，对三次产业和城市化的互动影响进行评析；最后，给出长安区产业结构演进与城市化协调发展的策略。

Due to the rapid development and agglomeration of world economy, the traditional way of industrial production, the mode of operation, some low technical and huge consumption resources industry has been completely cannot be carried out in accordance with the development requirements of the existing production and investment. Therefore, now-days three adjustment of industry have become an indispensable way to economic development. Chang’an area is one of important sides to promote guanzhong - tianshui economic zone development, The adjustment of industrial structure of Chang’an can not only promotes the rapid economic growth, but also provides refences for development model of other areas in Xi’an. So the research on analysis of rationality of the industrial structure and adjustment of Chang’an has a very important significance. 　　　Firstly, the paper reviewed the related concepts of industrial structure and the foreign and domestic research on the theory of industrial structure. From the point of theoretical view, the paper analyses the evolution of industrial structure of Chang’an area as a whole. Also the paper explores the development of chang’an area industrial structure from the first industry internal development present situation, industrial development present situation and the current situation of the development of the third industry. Secondly, on the basis of the quantitative study of chang’an areas evolution of industrial structure and urbanization development over the years, the paper induces some characteristics. At the same time the paper analyses chang’an area industrial structure adjustment and the development of urbanization and the relationship between each other by establishing the econometric model. Finally, combined with the influence of interaction of three times industry and urbanization, the paper gives the development strategy of chang’an area industrial structure evolution and urbanization coordinated.