本文以“构造控灾”理论为基础，通过相关物理力学模型的建立，采用数值模拟方式进行构造环境对采煤沉陷发育规律的数值模拟研究，分析不同构造环境类型对采煤沉陷的影响，为采煤沉陷的灾变预警提供技术支撑。 构造环境各要素对采煤沉陷的影响是不同的，构造介质作为构造环境的基础性物质组成，直接影响着岩体变形破坏的习性；构造应力作为构造运动的动力来源，影响着地层的变形过程；构造界面和构造形态作为构造应力作用于构造介质的表现形式，控制着采煤沉陷的作用方向。因此，不同构造环境因素对采煤沉陷的“贡献”是不同的，在分析采煤沉陷的发育过程中，绝不能忽略某个构造环境因素的影响。 由于不同构造环境条件下采煤沉陷的差异性，煤矿区的构造环境类型通常又不止一种，进行构造环境分类就成为必要的基础性工作。本文通过对陕北典型煤矿区构造环境的分类研究，采用数值模拟的方法，分析采空对覆岩层及地表的变形破坏过程，总结不同构造环境下发生采煤沉陷的规律，为有效预防和控制采煤沉陷灾变提供地质依据。 相同的构造环境类型，不同的采矿地形条件，采煤沉陷的变形破坏形式也存在差异性。一般来说，重复采动对采煤沉陷的影响远远大于初次采动，山区地形条件下的采煤沉陷也明显的区别于平地条件。本文后续章节将针对重复采动和复杂地形条件下的“中硬介质连续界面近水平自重应力型”构造环境进行采煤沉陷模拟试验，为理论的完整性和实用性进行了必要分析。 最后，本文以大佛寺40108综采工作面为研究对象，以现场调查为基础，分析了重复采动条件下地表裂缝的发育特征，以及覆岩层的变形损害过程，进行了重复采动条件下的构造环境与采煤沉陷作用过程分析，为矿区的安全生产和建筑物防护提供理论依据。

Based on the "structure control disaster" theory as the foundation, through the establishment of the relevant physical and mechanical model, numerical simulation research on Numerical Simulation of development rules of the mining subsidence and tectonic environments of different types, tectonic environment of mining subsidence, providing technical support for the disaster prediction of mining subsidence. The elements of tectonic environment is a different effect on mining subsidence, tectonic medium as basic material and tectonic environments, directly affects the deformation and failure of rock mass characteristics; tectonic stress as the power source of the tectonic movement, affects the deformation process of formation; tectonic boundaries and structure as the tectonic form of force acting on the structure medium, control the direction of coal mining induced subsidence. Therefore, construction of different environmental factors on mining subsidence "contribution" is different, in the development process of mining subsidence, can never ignore a tectonic environment factors. Because of the difference of mining subsidence in different tectonic environments, mine tectonic environment type is usually more than one, will become the necessary basic work of tectonic environment classification. By studying on the classification of typical coal mining area in Northern Shaanxi tectonic environment, by the method of numerical simulation, analysis of deformation and failure process of overlying strata and surface air, coal mining subsidence rules summarized under different tectonic conditions, for the effective prevention and control of coal mining subsidence disaster to provide geological basis. The same tectonic environment types, mining the different terrains, deformation and failure form of mining subsidence also exists difference. In general, repeated mining of coal mining subsidence are far greater than the initial mining, coal mining subsidence are mountainous terrain conditions differ significantly from the ground conditions. In the following chapters will address the repeated mining and complex topographic conditions "hard continuous media interface near the level of self weight stress type" tectonic environment simulation test of coal mining subsidence, are analyzed for the integrity and practicality of the theory. Finally, based on the fully mechanized working face 40108 big Buddhist temple as the research object, based on field investigation, analysis of the repeated mining development characteristics of surface crack conditions, deformation and damage process of rock, repeated mining environment and tectonic dynamic conditions of Coal Mining Subsidence Analysis of a process, and provide a theoretical basis for safety production and building area of protection.