建筑业是国民经济的支柱产业，然而由于固有风险高、施工环境复杂、从业者整体安全素养偏低等特点，建筑行业安全生产事故的发生率一直居高不下。案例统计和理论研究表明，工人的不安全行为是造成绝大多数建筑安全事故的重要原因。根据认知心理学研究，人的行为失误实质是人的信息处理失误，建筑施工不安全行为通常是建筑工人安全信息认知错误或偏差的结果。为科学预防并控制由于建筑工人安全信息认知失效引起的建筑安全事故，有必要明确建筑工人安全信息认知(SIC)的影响因素，以便采取相应的管控策略。因此，本文基于当前建筑业的发展现状，探索建筑工人安全信息认知的影响因素。

首先，本研究基于建筑安全信息和信息认知相关理论文献，梳理并总结建筑工人安全信息认知的研究成果；其次，结合建筑工人安全信息认知过程，采用扎根理论质性研究方法确定影响因素，构建SIC主体、SIC环境、SIC客体3个核心范畴和16个主范畴的影响因素体系，深入分析影响因素的作用关系，提出9个研究假设，构建假设模型；再次，编制调查问卷进行实证研究，采用SPSS 24.0软件分析问卷数据，并使用AMOS21.0软件构建结构方程模型(SEM)，对建筑工人安全信息认知假设模型进行验证分析；最后，根据实证检验结果提出建筑工人安全信息认知失效防范措施和管理建议。

研究结果表明，SIC客体对建筑工人安全信息认知产生显著正向影响作用，SIC主体、SIC环境对建筑工人安全信息认知结果产生显著负向影响作用，SIC主体的负向影响作用最为显著，受安全知识经验的影响最大。研究结果有助于为建筑工人安全信息认知情况的改善提供理论支持。

The construction industry is the pillar industry of the national economy. However, due to the characteristics of high inherent risk, complex construction environment and low overall safety literacy of practitioners, the incidence of safety accidents in the construction industry has been high. Case statistics and theoretical research show that the unsafe behavior of workers is an important cause of most construction safety accidents. According to the research of cognitive psychology, the essence of human behavior error is human information processing error. The unsafe behavior of construction is usually the result of cognitive error or deviation of safety information of construction workers. In order to scientifically prevent and control construction safety accidents caused by construction workers' safety information cognition failure, it is necessary to clarify the influencing factors of construction workers' safety information cognition (SIC), so as to take corresponding control strategies. Therefore, based on the current development of the construction industry, this paper explores the influencing factors of construction workers' safety information cognition.

Firstly, based on the relevant theoretical literature of construction safety information and information cognition, this study combined and summarized the research results of construction workers' safety information cognition. Secondly, combined with the cognitive process of construction workers' safety information, the qualitative research method of grounded theory was used to determine the influencing factors, and the influencing factors system of three core categories of SIC subject, SIC environment and SIC object and 16 main categories was constructed. The relationship between influencing factors was deeply analyzed, and 9 research hypotheses were put forward, and the hypothesis model was constructed. Thirdly, the questionnaire was compiled for empirical research. SPSS 24.0 software was used to analyze the questionnaire data, and AMOS21.0 software was used to construct structural equation model (SEM) to verify and analyze the hypothesis model of safety information cognition of construction workers. Finally, according to the empirical test results, the preventive measures and management suggestions for safety information cognitive failure of construction workers were put forward.

The results show that the SIC object has a significant positive effect on the cognition of construction workers' safety information, and the SIC subject and SIC environment have a significant negative effect on the cognition of construction workers' safety information. The negative effect of SIC subject is the most significant, which is the most affected by safety knowledge and experience. The research results help to provide theoretical support for the improvement of safety information cognition of construction workers.