我国正在积极推进资源利用方式向绿色低碳转变，致力于节能减排和发展低碳经济。在以低碳减排为目标的绿色制造环境中，产能资源过剩与短缺之间的矛盾已成为制造企业低碳运营管理的重要议题。一方面，由于制造企业自身产能的限制，无法及时满足用户需求。另一方面，产能过剩企业无法充分利用自身产能，造成资源的极大浪费。低碳环境下，产能不足和产能充足的制造企业通过产能共享，可以最大程度的调度闲置产能，能够改善产能资源过剩的情况，对优化产能资源配置和制造系统的可持续发展起着重要作用。因此，本文旨在研究产能共享策略的表现以及产能共享在低碳环境的创新应用。

首先，通过查阅国内外产能共享经典文献以及低碳环境的发展趋势，分析产能共享作用以及策略的研究现状；其次，分析了两竞争型制造商产能共享过程中的定价问题，建立了产能供需双方关于产品转移价格与产品转移数量的Stackelberg博弈模型，研究了企业在产能共享中的行为和决策；最后，聚焦低碳环境，考虑消费者低碳偏好的制造商产能共享最优决策问题，讨论了制造商减排水平对最优均衡策略以及制造商利润的影响，并以数值模拟和分析予以验证。研究发现：

产能约束下，当两制造商选择产能共享策略时，它们在签订合同后获得的利润增加。产品转移数量与两制造商之间的产品替代率正相关，与单位产品转移价负相关；产品替代率的增加会提高两个制造商的产品价格和利润。因此，两制造商之间存在竞争时实施产能共享不会降低双方的利润。同时，集中决策下供应链整体收益要大于分散决策下的供应链收益。

低碳环境下，产品转移数量、单位产品转移价与产能充足制造商的减排水平负相关；产品转移数量与产能不足制造商的减排水平正相关；当两制造商的减排水平在一定范围时，两制造商利润均增加。

本文是建立在我国制造业面临产能过剩和低碳减排的背景下，研究产能共享策略的表现以及产能共享在低碳环境下的创新应用，有利于制造资源得到更大程度的合理利用。研究结论可为完善制造业产能共享相关政策及促进企业绿色发展提供一定的理论依据。

China is actively promoting resource utilization way to the green low carbon transformation, committed to the development of the energy conservation and emissions reduction and low carbon economy. In the green manufacturing environment aiming at low-carbon emission reduction, the contradiction between excess capacity and resource shortage has become an important issue of low-carbon operation management of manufacturing enterprises. On the one hand, due to the limited capacity of manufacturing enterprises, it is impossible to meet user needs in a timely manner. On the other hand, enterprises with overcapacity cannot make full use of their own production capacity, resulting in a great waste of resources. In a low-carbon environment, manufacturing enterprises with insufficient and sufficient capacity can dispatch idle capacity to the greatest extent through capacity sharing, which can improve the situation of excess capacity resources, and play an important role in optimizing the allocation of capacity resources and the sustainable development of the manufacturing system. Therefore, this paper aims to study the performance of capacity sharing strategies and innovative applications of capacity sharing in low-carbon environment.

Firstly, we analyze the current research’s status of capacity sharing role and strategies by reviewing the classical literature of capacity sharing in domestic and international and the development trend of low carbon environment. Secondly, we analyze the pricing problem in the process of capacity sharing of two competing manufacturers, establish the Stackelberg game model between the supply and demand sides of capacity regarding the price of product transfer and the quantity of product transfer, and study the behavior of enterprises in capacity sharing and decisions. Finally, focusing on the low-carbon environment, the optimal decision problem of manufacturers' capacity sharing considering consumers' low-carbon preferences is discussed, and the effects of manufacturers' emission reduction level on the optimal equilibrium strategy as well as manufacturers' profits are discussed and verified with numerical simulations and analysis. The study finds:

Under the capacity constraint, when two manufacturers choose the capacity sharing strategy, they earn increased profits after signing the contract. The number of product transfers is obtained to be positively related to the product substitution rate between the two manufacturers and negatively related to the unit product transfer price. The increase in the product substitution rate increases the product price and profit of both manufacturers. Therefore, the implementation of capacity sharing when competition exists between two manufacturers does not reduce the profits of both parties. Meanwhile, the overall supply chain benefits under centralized decision making are greater than those under decentralized decision making.

In a low-carbon environment, the quantity of product transfer and the price per unit of product transfer are negatively related to the level of emission reduction of manufacturers with sufficient capacity. The quantity of product transfer is positively related to the level of emission reduction of manufacturers with insufficient capacity. When the level of emission reduction of both manufacturers is within a certain range, the profits of both manufacturers increase.

This paper is established in the context of China's manufacturing industry facing overcapacity and low-carbon emission reduction, to study the performance of capacity sharing strategies and the innovative application of capacity sharing in a low-carbon environment, which is conducive to the rational use of manufacturing resources to a greater extent. The findings of the study can provide some theoretical basis for improving the policies related to capacity sharing in manufacturing industry and promoting the green development of enterprises.