在沿空留巷中巷旁充填支护体的支护力学性能是沿空留巷是否能成功的主要影响因素之一。因此巷旁充填支护体的早强、高支护阻力及切顶阻力及在支撑过程当中的让压、恒增阻特性就成为保证留巷围岩在回采动压、超前支撑压力影响下保持稳定平衡的关键性影响因素。本论文采用理论分析、数值模拟计算和现场工业性试验等多种手段相结合的方法，系统研究了留巷顶板与巷旁充填支护体的相互作用机理、充填支护体与围岩协调变形机理、软介质接顶充填体顶部应力均布效果、以及软介质接顶凝土砌块胶结充填体的承载稳定性，并将相应结果应用在实际的巷旁支护中，取得了十分满意的效果。主要研究成果如下： 　　　（1）将支护体、接顶软介质和顶板简化成具有不同刚性系数的等效弹簧，根据充填体和顶板相互作用机理，顶板与充填体之间应力与变形关系以及充填体与顶板协调变形机理，通过对充填支护体强度参数的设计来实现老顶、直接顶与充填体之间的协调变形。 　　　（2）在沿空留巷巷旁充填支护体施工中，根据理论分析、模拟计算，得出充填体采用柔性材料接顶能够适应老顶大结构在沿空留巷过渡期中的给定变形（回转、下沉变形），并使得充填体上方应力均匀分布，降低了充填体边界顶板旋转下沉和横向位移在充填体顶部产生的较高程度的应力集中，提高了充填体的整体承载稳定性。 　　　（3）在倾斜煤层的回采过程当中，采空区中的矸石在下滑过程当中对墙体产生较大程度的冲击力，对墙体稳定性有一定程度的影响。针对此种情况，本文中提出了一种刚柔复合的挡矸体系，其间将钢丝网作为柔性挡矸体系，将锚柱作为钢性挡矸体系，在留巷过程中有效的减少了矸石作用在墙体侧向的冲击力，保证了墙体的承载稳定性。 　　　（4）通过理论分析和模拟计算对留巷支护参数及巷旁支护方式进行了优化。巷道顶板得到有效支护的同时又较大程度的利用了顶板的自承能力，进一步的说明在巷道的支护当中，不单单是要控制围岩的变形，还要把重点放在提高围岩的自承载能力上面。

The performance of support force for filled props in the retaining roadway along goaf is one of the factors that determines whether it is a success or not, and therefore, the characteristics of the filled prop along the roadway such as early-strength, high support resistance, topping resistance,stress yielding, constant increase of stress plays a key role in guaranteeing that the rock around the roadway can keep stable and balance under the influence of dynamic stress of stope and advancing supporting pressure. This paper, by means of the combination of various approaches such as the theoretical analysis, data stimulation calculation and on-site industrial test, conducts a systematic research on the interactive mechanism between top plate of the retaining entry and the filled prop along the roadway, the coordination and deformation one for filled prop and the around rock, hypodispersion effect of stress in the top of filled prop connected with soft medium,the stability of bricking filled prop connected by soft medium and applying relevant results to the actual support along the roadway. The main findings are listed as below: 　　　（1）Simplify the prop, soft medium connected with the top and top plate into equivalent springs with various coefficients of rigidity and achieve the coordinated deformation between old top, immediate top and prop through design of intensity coefficient of filled prop, according to the interactive mechanism between filled prop and top plate, stress and deformation relation between top plate and filled prop and their the coordinated deformation mechanism. （2）In the construction of filled props in the retaining roadway, we work out the connection with the top achieved by soft filled prop can get used to the given deformation (rotary and subsided deformations) in the transition, achieve the even distribution of the stress in the top of filled prop and lower the stressing gathering of relatively high grade in the top of filled prop caused by the rotary subsidence and horizontal displacement of the top plate around the boundaries of filled prop, improving the load bearing stability of filled prop as a whole. （3）In the process of stopping the slope layer, waste rock in the goaf will relative great impact on the walls when sliding and will influences the walls’ stability to some extent. For this situation, this paper puts forward waste rock prevention systems with softness and strength,namely, the wire netting works as the soft prevention systems while the anchor post as the strength one, they can effectively reduce the side impact on the wall caused by waste rock so that the load bearing stability of walls can be ensured in the process of retaining roadway. （4）Optimize the supporting means and parameters in the retaining roadway through the theoretical analysis and simulation calculation. It enable the top plate of tunnel to enjoy the effective support and meanwhile it also makes use of the self-bearing capacity of the plate, which further indicates that we shall not only focus on the control of the around rock but also on its self-bearing capacity in the support of tunnel.