由于我国经济发展要求与一次能源分布不均的矛盾，超（特）高压、远距离、大容量已成为大型互联网的主要特征和发展趋势。超（特）高压远距离输电线路的传输容量通常受线路稳定性的限制；线路过长，还将引起网损增加、潮流分布不均、系统稳定性变差等问题。串补的加入能很好解决问题，然而串补的投入改变了线路参数，使串补系统故障信息不易识别，造成串补线路故障测距的困难。 近年来，学者对串补线路的故障测距进行了大量的研究，提出了一些针对性的测距方法。这些算法一般基于工频量或线路参数，计算复杂，运算量大，并可能伴随有伪根的问题。在研究和分析了现有串补线路故障测距算法的基础上，本文提出了能量比函数法应用于串补线路故障测距，并通过与多分辨形态梯度MMG的对比，说明能量比法在串补线路故障测距的优越性。 本文首先介绍了输电线路的行波理论，阐述了应用于数字信号处理的小波变换理论和灰值形态学理论。针对高压输电线路中存在的噪声，运用小波变换和灰值形态学梯度对故障信号进行消噪。通过比较两种方法对不同噪声信号的处理效果，可针对不同噪声的特点选取适当的滤波工具，以取得良好的滤波效果。 其次，针对串补电容的保护元件MOV具有的非线性，对串补MOV的工作原理进行分析和研究，论证了行波应用于串补线路故障测距的可行性。由于串补电容与输电线路等效阻抗串联形成串联滤波器，对线路中高频信号具有滤波作用，本文通过研究滤波效果对能量比函数的影响，论证了能量比函数法应用于串补线路故障测距的可行性。 最后，建立串补线路的仿真模型，针对不同串补安装位置、故障类型及不同的故障位置，分别采用多分辨形态梯度（MMG）和能力比法对各种情形下的故障进行仿真验证，并通过改变不同采样频率、过渡电阻、故障合闸角、线路两端相角差、串补度来分析其对故障测距结果的影响，研究测距算法的鲁棒性。

Due to the contradiction between the economic development of China and the uneven distribution of the primary energy, it will be inevitable for the large distribution network to be characteristic of ultra-high voltage, long distance and large capacity. The transmission capacity of the high-voltage and long-distance transmission line is usually limited by the line stability. The too long line leads to the following problems such as the increase of the network loss, the uneven distribution of the current, and the worsening of the system stability. Though the introduction of the series compensation capacitor can better tackle the above-mentioned problems, it changes line parameters accordingly, which makes it difficult to identify the fault information of the system and conduct the fault location of the system. In recent years, scholars have conducted a lot of research on the fault location of the series compensation capacitor and specifically come up with ways of location. However, these algorithms, usually based on the power frequency and line parameter, will be accompanied by pseudo roots for computational complexity and heavy calculation. Based on the study and analysis of fault location algorithm of the series compensation lines, this paper introduces the application of the energy ration function to the fault location. Furthermore, the superiority of such way is shown in the fault location in contrast to multi-resolution morphological gradient (MMG). This paper first introduces the traveling wave theory of the transmission line, and expounds the theory of wavelet transform applied in the digital signal processing and grey value morphology theory. For the noise in the high-voltage transmission lines, the author of this paper resorts to the theory of wavelet transform and the grey value morphology grads to denoise. By comparing the noise signal processing effect of these two methods, good filtering effect can be obtained by choosing suitable noise filtering tools for the features of different noises. Secondly, in view of the nonlinearity of the MOV, the feasibility of the application of the travelling wave in the fault location of the series compensation lines is verified by analyzing and studying the operating principle of the MOV. The combination of the series compensation capacitors and the equivalent impedance of the transmission lines lead to the formation of the series compensation filter, with the function of filtering the high-frequency signal in the circuit. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of the application of the energy ratio function algorithm in the fault location of the series compensation lines by studying the influence of the filtering effect on the energy ration function. Finally, the simulation model is established for different series installation locations, fault types and fault locations. And the multi-resolution morphological gradient (MMG) and the power ration method are respectively adopted to conduct simulation for the fault in different situations. By changing the different sampling frequency, transition resistance, fault switching Angle, phase Angle difference on both ends of the line, and series compensation degree, the impact on the fault location results can be analyzed and the robustness of the range algorithm can be studied.