我国石油资源短缺，煤炭资源相对丰富，发展煤制油技术是解决我国石油资源短缺的重要途径。煤低温热解技术是由煤制取液体燃料最为经济和能量转化效率最高的技术，煤低温催化加氢热解技术可以有效提高煤热解过程的焦油收率，因此，煤催化加氢热解的基础和应用研究一直受到广泛重视。高效廉价加氢热解催化剂开发研究是该技术获得突破的关键。本文针对神府煤加氢热解过程研究，制备了系列铁基催化剂，通过N2低温吸附、拉曼光谱、X射线衍射和SEM分析等手段对该催化剂的组成和结构进行了表征，探讨了铁基催化剂对神府煤的催化加氢热解活性与催化剂组成及载体表面酸性的关系。

ABSTRACT China is short in oil resources and rather rich in coal resources. Development of coal-to-liquids is an important approach to resolve the shortage of petroleum resources in our country. Coal pyrolysis at lower temperature is the most economic and energy conversion efficiency for making liquid fuels from coal. Coal catalytic hydropyrolysis can effectively improve yield of tar during coal pyrolysis. Hence，The foundation and applied research of catalytic hydropyrolysis of coal has been gived extensive attention.The research of more efficient and more cheap hydrogenation catalyst for pyrolysis is the key to the technology for obtain breakthrough development. In this paper, a series of iron-based catalyst, are used in ShenFul hydrogenation of pyrolysis process. We study the structure and property of catalysts by the characterization of N2 physical adsorption, XRD, Raman, H2-TPR, NH3-TPR techniques and discuss the relationship between the activity of hydrogenation of many coal pyrolysis and the composition of catalysts. (1) The influences of reaction atmosphere, temperature, the particle size of coal and the quality of coal were inveatigated on the coal tar yield. The optimum condition was determined for the highest tar yield 12.9% that hydrogen atmosphere, 650℃, Coal particle size below 100 mesh and 5g coal. (2) The iron oxide catalyst (Fe2O3-Cl、Fe2O3-N、Fe2O3-CN、Fe3O4) was prepared by chemical precipitation, FeCl3, FeCl2 and Fe(NO3)3 as precursor salts, NH3•H2O and CO(NH2)2 as precipitant. The higher tar yield was obtained by Fe2O3-N because of its bigger specific surface area and pore diameter. (3) γ-Al2O3, SiO2 and SiO2-Al2O3 supported Fe2O3 catalysts were prepared by excessive dipping method with Fe(NO3)3 as precursor salts. The effect of surrport type, calcination temperature and Fe loading on the catalytic performances were investigated. The results indicated that the tar yield was up to 15.1% over 6%-Fe2O3/SiO2-Al2O3 at pyrolysis temperature 750℃, which was attributed to moderate dispersion of Fe2O3 on supports. (4) The preparation of deposition-supported catalysts were used chemical precipitation by controlling the Fe3+、Al3+ precipitation sequence, which were acidized with 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 .Tar yield was 15.2% from hydropyrolysis of ShenFu coal over 3Fe-Al-A catalyst. deposition-supported catalysts showed relative high catalytic activity when more Fe2O3 exposed to the supporter surface.