摘 要 西部地区富水基岩立井井筒多采用冻结法施工，其井壁结构形式以双层井壁为主。由于针对西部地区立井井筒井壁受力实测、理论研究的缺乏，导致井壁厚度设计千差万别，缺乏科学性。论文针对上述问题，以新庄煤矿冻结法施工风立井为研究背景，采用理论分析、现场实测和数值模拟相结合的方法，对混凝土井壁结构的受力特征进行了研究并对外层井壁结构提出了优化方案，运用ANSYS软件对优化井壁进行数值模拟计算，分析了优化方案的合理性。 对新庄风立井白垩系、侏罗系地层中、粗粒砂岩层冻结压力以及外井壁环向、竖向钢筋应力进行了实测，监测结果表明：冻结压力大致分为急剧增长阶段、压力缓慢增长阶段、压力稳定阶段三个阶段；-632m、-841m两个水平最大冻结压力分别为2.41MPa和3.38MPa，其值均小于东部表土层冻结压力实测值和经验公式计算值；环向、竖向钢筋最大应力远小于设计值。 在对外井壁受力特点分析的基础上，建立了符合实际的冻结井壁力学模型，获得了外层井壁受力解析公式。通过理论计算对影响外层井壁厚度主要因素的敏感性进行了分析，通过理论计算得出，在白垩系地层建设井筒时，影响井壁厚度最主要的因素是冻结压力，其次是混凝土标号、外层井壁半径、配筋率，最后提出了外井壁优化建议方案。 根据外井壁优化方案，建立符合条件的数值计算模型，运用ANSYS软件对方案井壁厚度和设计院设计井壁厚度进行一个对比计算分析，通过对比强度和变形两个方面，并将计算结果与现场实测和规范要求相比较，验证了优化方案的合理性。 上述研究，对西部地区富水岩层的冻结法凿井井壁设计时冻结压力的取值及井壁结构优化提供了理论依据。

ABSTRACT Construction of freezing method of Xinzhuang Coal Mine air shaft as the research background, Combination of theoretical analysis field measurement and numerical simulation is adopted, the freezing pressure of the coarse sandstone and the change of the axial direction and the vertical steel bar stress of the vertical steel bar during the freezing construction period.On the basis of this, the mechanical characteristics of reinforced concrete shaft lining structure are studied by the method of freezing method.On the basis of this, the thickness of the optimized scheme of outer wall structure is obtained, and the borehole wall is verified after the optimization program. First, according to the Xinzhuang coal mine field of freezing pressure monitoring data results obtained, coarse-grained sandstone freezing construction during the largest frozen pressure with time change curve and the fitting function of the expression.The freezing pressure is roughly divided into the following stages:Stage of rapid growth, slow growth stage,stable stage of pressure.The two levels of -632m and -841m were respectively measured at 2.41MPa and 3.38MPa, That Cretaceous strata freezing pressure values were less than eastern topsoil layer freezing pressure calculation value and for subsequent western region soft rock freezing sinking shaft design of freezing pressure value to reference. Second, according to the mechanical characteristics of the outer shaft wall during the freezing period, the mechanical model of freezing shaft wall is established, carry out analytical research, the analytical solutions of the outer sidewall are obtained, and a series of factors which affect the thickness of the outer wall are analyzed and studied.Through the theoretical calculation of the sensitivity of the main factors influencing the thickness of outer shaft wall was analyzed, and through theoretical calculations, in cretaceous formation, wellbore construction is the most important factors that affect the thickness of the wall freezing stress, followed by concrete grade, the radius of outer shaft wall, reinforcement ratio, the wall outside the optimization proposals are put forward. Third, according to the sensitivity of the resulting factors to the outside wall optimization program, and the scheme is verified by theoretical calculation, then a suitable model is established to simulate and verify the theory, The results show the consistency of the theoretical calculation and numerical simulation software, thus the feasibility of the scheme is obtained. Finally, the above research, to provide reference for the value of the frozen pressure of the rich water and the coarse sandstone, and provide reference for the construction of the basement section of the freezing method.