随着工业的发展，工业工程已经在许多发达国家得到了充分的利用，并大大促进了本国的经济的快速发展，尤其对于提高制造过程整体生产效率，有着举足轻重的作用。中国的制造业技术相对发达国家相对落后，生产效率不高但生产能耗较大，这些问题对中国制造业的长足发展有一定的阻碍作用，因此，工业工程的实践应用就显着尤为重要。虽然我国已经认识到了工业工程应用的紧迫性，但对于很多中小型制造企业，乃至一些大型国有企业，工业工程的应用研究还是相对太少。 本文主要以研究G制造企业某零件的具体组装加工车间为例，对于这样一个动态的离散系统，本文综合应用了工业工程的现场改善技术、Witness软件建模仿真、正交试验分析、因果分析法及层次分析法对研究对象进行了全面分析与改善。 首先，在零件加工车间，基于“ECRS”原则，综合利用线路图、流程程序图改善现有的车间设备布局，使其更方便合理；再利用人机操作分析图，对该车间人机配合进行了全面的分析与改善，通过提高该区域的设备的利用率和人员的效率，从而降低人工成本。 其次，本文应用Witness仿真软件对研究对象的组装车间进行了建模仿真，并结合正交试验设计的方法对不同的改善方案下仿真数据的结果进行了分析，并以产量、成本、设备利用率以及满负荷设备数量等为指标，给出了几种可行的改善方案。 最后，结合因果分析图和层次分析法对改善前产生低效率的原因进行了深入分析，从而找到了产生问题的源头，为避免类似的问题再次发生提供参考。分析结果显示，影响工厂生产效率的主要原因是生产方法和工人素质两方面。

With the rapid development of industry, industrial engineering(IE) has been used by many developing countries worldwide and has been effective in promoting their economic growth.Especially, it plays a crical role in　improving their manufacturing business efficiency. However, the manufacturing in China remains relatively lagged, the disadvantage of low efficiency with high energy costs is always the biggest obstacles to Chinese long-term development. So the application of the IE into practice is very important. Although an increasing number of enterprises have become aware of the urgency of IE applications, the theory was not fully studied and few are applied in small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises and even some big state-owned companies. This paper mainly researches on a state-owned manufacturing enterprise’s production workshop. For this discrete manufacturing workshop, the paper integrates the application of IE methods, WITNESS simulation software, orthogonal test design, Causality Analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to analyze and optimize the whole workshop. Firstly, in parts processing workshop, based on the principle of “ECRS”, using process chart and flow circuitry chart to optimize the overall arrangement of workshop to be more convenient and reasonable. Besides, by using Man-machine Analysis was used to enhance the man-machine coordination. Accordingly, these methods improved equipment utilization, factory worker efficiency and reduce the labor cost. Secondly, With the help of WITNESS software, the assembly workshop model of this plant was simulated, and combining with orthogonal design to analye the simulation runs results from different improvement projects. And by consideration of the output, cost, equipment utilization and the number of high load machine as the index, several feasible improvement scheme was presented. In addition, two methods Causality Analysis and AHP were integrated to analyze the reasons for low operation efficiency and prevent inefficiency happening again. The analysis of its results shows that the main reasons for low operation efficiency are the production methods and the employee quality.