随着全球化的深入，各国科学技术不断交流互鉴。科技文本作为传递科技信息的重要载体，在跨文化交流的过程中扮演着重要角色。在此背景下，开展露天矿山自动驾驶技术相关文本的翻译实践与探究，对提升科技文本翻译质量及促进矿业领域科技交流等具有重要意义。

报告以《智慧矿山5G自动驾驶》节选内容在卡特福德翻译转换理论指导下所进行的汉译英翻译活动为基础，结合翻译案例，从层次转换和范畴转换两方面，对实践过程中所采取的翻译转换策略进行分析说明。层次转换方面，从时态、复数形式、不定式结构三个角度进行词汇层与语法层之间的转换，有助于在保持原文语义的同时使译文行文更加自然；范畴转换方面，主动语态与被动语态和前置定语与后置定语之间的结构转换、动词与名词和动词与介词之间的类别转换以及短语与单词和子句与短语之间的单位转换，能够有效增强译文的准确性和流畅性，使句子结构更清晰，逻辑更连贯，表达更正式。在卡特福德翻译转换理论的指导下，译者能够更精确地把握源语与目标语之间的差异，并通过灵活应用转换策略提升译文质量。这一理论在矿业领域科技翻译实践中所发挥的关键作用，不仅体现了其深厚的理论价值，也为相关科学技术的翻译工作提供了参考与借鉴。

Globalization has facilitated a continuous exchange and mutual learning of science and technology between countries. Technical texts, which serve as a vital carrier for conveying scientific and technical information, play a significant role in cross-cultural communication. In this context, translation practice and exploration related to autonomous driving technology in open-pit mines hold significance in enhancing the quality of technical text translations and promoting scientific and technical exchange within the mining field.

This report centers on the English translation of excerpts from 5G-based Autonomous Driving of Smart Mine, conducted under the guidance of Catford’s translation shifts theory. It explores practical cases to exemplify the shift strategies utilized in the translation process from both the level and category perspectives. In terms of level shifts, the translation practice involves shifting items from the lexical level in Chinese to the grammatical level in English through the application of tense shifts, plural form shifts, and infinitive shifts. This approach ensures a seamless transition in the target text while preserving the essence of the original meaning. In terms of category shifts, the structure shifts from active to passive voices and prepositive to postpositive attributives, the class shifts from verbs to nouns and verbs to prepositions, as well as the unit shifts from phrases to words and clauses to phrases, collectively contribute to enhancing the accuracy and fluency of the translation. This method enables the construction of sentences with greater clarity, coherence, and formality. Guided by Catford’s theory of translation shifts, the translator gains a deeper understanding of the nuances between source and target languages and improves the quality of the translation through the flexible application of shift strategies. The pivotal role of this theory in the translation practice of scientific and technical texts within the mining domain underscores its profound theoretical value and offers valuable references for similar translation endeavors in scientific and technological fields.