传统的桥梁检测系统都是通过有线方式采集数据，布线工作繁琐，操作起来不方便，在实际应用中存在一定的局限性。无线桥梁检测系统是克服有线桥梁检测系统不足的有效方式，其关键技术是实现采集数据的无线传输，本文主要研究与设计一种无线应力传感器。 在对无线桥梁检测系统组成方案研究的基础上，分析了无线桥梁检测系统对无线应力测量传感器的需求，通过分析现有各种短距离无线通信技术特点，认为基于ZigBee技术的短距离无线通信是无线桥梁检测系统采集终端信息传输的有效方式，进而基于ZigBee技术设计了无线应力传感器的组成。通过对电阻应变计机理进行分析，包括电阻应变计的工作原理及电阻应变片的结构和性能，设计了采用电阻应变计作为采集测量应力应变参数的方法。从无线传感器网络特性和低功耗，低成本的角度考虑，采用模块化设计，设计了符合桥梁检测要求的应力传感器。在分析比较现有无线通信传输媒介和射频芯片的基础上，选择基于CC2430芯片的ZigBee无线收发模块实现有效的信息无线传输。在对ZigBee无线通信协议进行分析的前提下，设计了数据传输帧格式。利用IAR开发平台，实现了无线应力传感器的数据采集和传输。实验结果表明，无线应力传感器灵敏度达到设计要求，无线通信传输距离达到80米。

In traditional bridge monitoring system, sensor complicated in practical application is cable. In order to process and diagnose signals, each sensor transmits signals to central processing unit through wires which requires lots of wires. This will not only increase costs, but also make installation more difficult, it is unsuitable for bridge monitoring system. Compared to traditional bridge monitoring system, wireless bridge monitoring system has great advantages. The key technology is completing information wireless transmission. Wireless stress sensor based on ZigBee presents in this paper can dispose and achieve signals conveniently and fast. Having studied the structure of wireless bridge monitoring system and analyzed the demands of wireless stress sensor, on the basis of researching current wireless communication technologies, wireless bridge monitoring system acquisition terminal and wireless stress sensor composition based on ZigBee have been proposed in this thesis. In order to achieve accurate stress strain parameter, resistance strain gage is used for measuring strain signals in the coupling produced from the stress response. Having analyzed the working principles and structures of resistance strain gage, it comes out that resistance strain gage is suitable for this system. From the view of low-power, low cost and character of wireless sensor network, modular pattern is proposed to create the acquired stress sensor node. Based on the comparison of several short-range wireless communication modes, ZigBee wireless transceiver module based on CC2430 has been selected to complete signals’ transmission. What’s more, this thesis has analyzed communication protocols and designed data transmission frame. Data acquisition and signal transmission of wireless stress sensor have been achieved on the IAR development platform. Experimental results have shown that the sensitivity of wireless stress sensor is , and the transmission distance can up to 80 meters.