城市贫困一直是困扰经济社会发展的一大难题。如何使社会各项反贫困政策更加人性化和可行化，解决城市贫困群体的生活保障问题，切实改善他们的生存质量，对构建社会主义和谐社会、促进经济社会稳定发展具有重要意义。 本文从理论上对城市贫困进行了界定、阐述了贫困的划分及其测量方法，分析了城市贫困群体产生的一般原因，并对国内外反城市贫困的社会政策进行了综述。在个案访谈和参考大量统计资料的基础上，主要通过实证分析，从群体规模、人员构成、生存现状等方面对西安市城区贫困群体的基本情况进行了研究。认为城区居民陷入贫困的原因主要是社会原因。表现在以社会组织和社会制度为支撑的正式的社会支持的缺失和以社会网络为支撑的非正式的社会支持的缺失。而且社会支持的缺失可能会形成一个恶性循环的怪圈：越缺乏社会支持或社会资源，就会在贫困的陷阱里陷得越深，从而被社会排斥的机会就越大。 虽然西安市政府应对城区贫困群体问题出台了一些政策措施和相关的法律，诸如推行社会保障制度和城市医疗救助制度、建立贫困家庭子女教育资助的长效机制、廉租住房政策、临时救助办法和相关就业政策及法规，但从笔者个案访谈调查了解到的情况看，反贫困过程中存在着一些亟待解决的问题，如最低生活保障制度不合理，廉租房政策落实不到位，再就业困难重重等。 结合西安市反贫困的现状和条件，提出了解决西安市城区贫困群体问题的思路。明确了政府首先是解决这一问题的主体，必须进一步完善社会救助体系和社会保障制度，加强对城市贫困群体的法律制度建设，有效组织对贫困群体的职业技能培训，建立有效的廉租房政策保障；企业、社区和社会也应配合政府工作，承担一部分责任来帮助改善贫困群体的现状；贫困群体自身也应从思想上和实际行动中积极主动、自强不息。

Urban poverty has been a problem for economic social development. In order to set up a harmonious socialist society and promote the developments to social stability, it is important to make various anti-poverty laws more humane and feasible, resolve the problem of living conditions for the poor in the city, and improve their quality of life. This text defined urban poverty from the theories，elaborated on the demarcation of poverty and its diagraph method, analyzed the general reason of the urban poverty group, and overviewed the domestic and international social policy of anti-poverty. On the foundation of individual case interviews and statistics data with references, mainly by demonstration analysis, this research is concerned with the group scale, personnel and living condition of the poor people of Xian city. We came to the conclusion that the reason for urban residents' getting bogged down in poverty is mainly the fault of society，especially in the lack of a formal social support organization and system, and also a lack of an informal social support network. The lack for social support may cause a vicious cycle: The more there is a lack of social support or social resources, the deeper they will sink into the poverty trap and the more they are likely to be rejected by society. The city government in Xian passed a series of policy measures and related laws, such as pushing the system of social guarantee and urban medical treatment, building up an education subsidy for the poor family's children, the cheap renting houses policy, the temporary relief system, and some employment policy and its law. However, from the writer's investigations, problems exist during the anti-poverty process, such as: the lowest life guarantee system isn't reasonable, the cheap renting houses policy hasn't been implemented well, re-employment is facing a lot of difficulties etc. Combined with the actuality and condition of anti-poverty in Xian city, we put forward an idea to solve the problems of the poor people of urban Xian. The government is the principal party to work out this problem first, it must consummate the social salvage system and social guarantee system, strengthen the law system of the urban poor people, re-organize the occupational ability training of the poor group, and establish the cheap renting houses guarantee policy; business enterprise, community and society should also match with government's work and undertake a share of responsibilities to help improve the current situation of the poor people; poor people themselves should also be active and struggling using ideology and actual practice.