随着矿山智能化建设，电气设备投入增大，矿用电缆广泛应用于煤矿井下。矿用电 缆在过载、短路和外部受热作用下，容易引起绝缘材料温度升高，导致电缆发生热解燃 烧反应，诱发矿井电缆火灾，甚至引发瓦斯爆炸等严重后果。因此，开展矿用电缆火灾 燃烧特性和烟气毒性研究具有重要的理论价值和实际意义。 本文选取两种型号（MYP、MYJV）矿用电缆为研究对象，主要研究了矿用电缆绝 缘材料的热解特性，通过分析热解产物的成分与特性，从而对矿用电缆燃烧特性及烟气 毒性进行深入的研究，研究主要涵盖以下三个方面的内容： （1）矿用电缆绝缘材料热解特性研究。通过热重-红外联用仪，对矿用电缆绝缘材 料开展热解实验。研究发现：在升温结束后，CM 护套、PVC 护套、EPDM 绝缘层均无 法完全分解，而 XLPE 绝缘层可以完全分解。四种绝缘材料在主热解阶段中活化能排序 为：CM 护套＞XLPE 绝缘层＞PVC 护套＞EPDM 绝缘层。因此，在矿用电缆选型中， 建议选用PVC护套与EPDM绝缘层相结合的新型矿用电缆，使其具有更好的热稳定性。 （2）矿用电缆燃烧特性研究。本文选取两种型号矿用电缆（MYP 和 MYJV）作为 研究对象，通过锥形量热仪，对矿用电缆开展燃烧实验。研究发现：在 30~60 kW/m² 辐射强度下，两种矿用电缆的燃烧参数变化规律表现出较大的差异性。主要原因是 CM 护 套在高温下形成具有阻燃隔氧的致密炭层结构，使内部 EPDM 绝缘层不能充分燃烧。此 外，通过火灾危险性综合分析得出，MYP 矿用电缆具有更小的火灾危险性。 （3）矿用电缆烟气毒性研究。本文选取两种型号矿用电缆（MYP 和 MYJV）作为 研究对象，通过 NBS 烟密度试验箱和傅里叶红外烟气分析仪联用，对矿用电缆开展烟 气毒性实验。研究发现：两种矿用电缆所产生的烟气成分中，HCl 是致人伤亡最主要的 气体。此外，通过毒性指数值 CIT_G 值和 FED 值发现，相比 MYJV 矿用电缆，MYP 矿用电缆具有更大的毒气危害性。 通过热重-红外联用仪、锥形量热仪、NBS 烟密度箱、红外烟气成分分析仪等实验 仪器，探究了绝缘材料对矿用电缆火灾特性的影响，研究结果为矿用电缆的应用选材和应急防灾提供了一定的理论支持。

With the establishment of intelligent mines and the increase in investment in electrical equipment, mining cables are widely used in mines. Under overload, short circuit, and external heating, mining cables can easily cause an increase in insulation material temperature, leading to thermal decomposition and combustion reactions of the cables, ultimately leading to serious consequences such as mine cable fires and even gas explosions. Therefore, conducting research on the combustion characteristics and smoke toxicity of mining cable fires has important theoretical value and practical significance. This article selects two types of mining cables (MYP and MYJV) as the research objects, mainly studying the pyrolysis characteristics of insulation materials for mining cables. By analyzing the composition and characteristics of pyrolysis products, in-depth research is conducted on the combustion characteristics and smoke toxicity of mining cables. The research mainly covers the following three aspects: (1) Research on the pyrolysis characteristics of insulation materials for mining cables. Pyrolysis experiments were conducted on insulation materials for mining cables using a thermogravimetric infrared spectrometer. Research has found that before the end of heating, the CM sheath, PVC sheath, and EPDM insulation layer cannot be completely decomposed, while the XLPE insulation layer can be completely decomposed. The activation energy sequence of the four insulation materials in the main pyrolysis stage is: CM sheath>XLPE insulation layer>PVC sheath>EPDM insulation layer. Therefore, in the selection of mining cables, it is recommended to choose a new type of mining cable that combines PVC sheath and EPDM insulation layer to ensure better thermal stability. (2) Research on the combustion characteristics of mining cables. This article selects two types of mining cables (MYP and MYJV) as the research objects, and conducts combustion experiments on mining cables using a conical calorimeter. It is found that under the radiant intensity of 30~60 kW/m² , the variation law of combustion parameters of the two kinds of mining cables shows great difference. The main reason is that the CM sheath forms a dense carbon layer structure with flame retardancy and oxygen insulation at high temperatures, which prevents the internal EPDM insulation layer from fully burning. In addition, through comprehensive fire hazard analysis, it is concluded that MYP mining cables have a lower fire hazard. (3) Research on the toxicity of smoke from mining cables. This article selects two types of mining cables (MYP and MYJV) as the research objects, and conducts smoke toxicity experiments on mining cables through the combination of NBS smoke density test box and Fourier infrared smoke analyzer. Research has found that HCl is the main gas causing casualties among the smoke components generated by two types of mining cables. In addition, it was found through the toxicity index values CIT_G and FED that MYP mining cables have greater toxic gas hazards compared to MYJV mining cables. The influence of insulation materials on the fire characteristics of mining cables was explored through experimental instruments such as thermogravimetric infrared spectroscopy, cone calorimeter, NBS smoke density box, and infrared smoke composition analyzer. The research results provide certain theoretical support for the application and selection of mining cable materials and emergency disaster prevention.

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