隧道工程的建造是百年大计，要求在此期间内保证隧道结构的安全可靠，而隧道围岩的蠕变特性是影响隧道结构安全性以及正常使用的重要因素，所以研究围岩蠕变特性对隧道衬砌结构受力特点的影响就显得尤为重要。针对上述问题，本文以唐家塬隧道为工程依托，对考虑蠕变特性的隧道围岩与衬砌结构相互作用规律进行了理论分析和数值模拟研究，得出以下结论： 1、总结分析了常用流变模型的流变特性和适用的岩体类型，就其模型特征进行了对比分析。结合唐家塬隧道变形监测数据，选择Burgers模型为该隧道围岩的蠕变模型。 2、采用位移反分析方法，以理论计算公式和实际监测数据为依据，对唐家塬隧道围岩的Burgers模型的蠕变参数进行了反演分析，获得了隧道围岩的蠕变参数。 3、将隧道围岩视为蠕变介质，且符合Buegers模型，将衬砌结构视为弹性体，利用“弹性—粘弹性”对应原理，推导了圆形隧道在二向不等压条件下围岩与衬砌间相互作用力随时间变化的解析解，进一步根据隧道设计规范关于衬砌安全系数的规定，得到了衬砌安全系数的粘弹性解。 4、利用“当量半径法”将唐家塬隧道转化为圆形隧道计算，得到了唐家塬隧道衬砌结构与围岩相互作用力随时间的变化规律，进一步分析衬砌安全系数，得到了唐家塬隧道衬砌结构安全系数在设计使用年限内的变化曲线。 5、应用FLAC3D数值模拟软件，对唐家塬隧道衬砌结构受围岩蠕变作用下的应力分布及变化特点进行了模拟。得到了相关结论：在隧道完成施工后的前10年中，隧道衬砌结构受到围岩蠕变特性影响相对明显，而在随后的10至40年内应力逐渐调整，之后是相对稳定阶段，虽然衬砌应力仍在增大，但增大速度很小。 6、对比分析了隧道衬砌结构各特征点处围岩压力以及安全系数的理论值和模拟值，结果表明理论值与模拟值虽然存在一定的差别，但其变化趋势和变化范围大体相当，证明了理论计算的适用性，并对实际工程具有一定的指导意义。

The construction of the tunnel project is a fundamental task crucial for generations to come, it is required to ensure the safety and reliability of the tunnel structure during this period, the creep characteristics of tunnel surrounding rock are important factors affecting the safety and normal use of tunnel structure, therefore, it is very important to study the influence of the creep characteristics of surrounding rock on the stress characteristics of the tunnel lining structure. In view of the above problems, this paper relies on the tunnel in Tangjiayuan tunnel, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation study on interaction law of tunnel surrounding rock and lining structure considering creep characteristics are made: 1.The rheological propertys and applicable rock mass types of the rheological models are summarized and analyzed. According to Tangjiayuan tunnel deformation monitoring data, select the Burgers model for the creep model of the tunnel surrounding rock. 2.By using the displacement back analysis method, based on the theoretical calculation and actual tunnel monitoring data, to analyse the creep parameters of the Burgers model of the surrounding rock of the Tangjiayuan tunnel, obtained the creep parameters of tunnel surrounding rock. 3.The tunnel surrounding rock creep as medium, and in accordance with the Buegers model, the lining structure is regarded as an elastic body, by using the corresponding principle of elastic viscoelasticity, derived circular tunnel interaction in two to isobaric conditions of surrounding rock and lining between the time-dependent solution, further according to the design specification of the tunnel safety factor of lining, the lining safety coefficient of the viscoelastic solution is obtained. 4.The Tangjiayuan tunnel is converted into a circular tunnel by using the "equivalent radius method", and obtains the interaction variation law of Tangjiayuan tunnel lining structure and surrounding rock, further analysis of the lining safety coefficient, obtained the change curve of Tangjiayuan tunnel lining safety coefficient within the design life. 5. By using FLAC3D numerical simulation software, the stress distribution and variation characteristics of the tunnel lining structure under the creep of the tunnel are analyzed. The conclusions were obtained: 10 years ago after the completion of the tunnel construction, tunnel lining structure is affected by the creep characteristics of the rock mass is relatively obvious, but in the next 10 to 40 years is the stress gradually after adjustment, is a relatively stable stage, although the lining stress is still increased, but the increasing speed is very small. 6.Comparative analysis of the structure characteristics of tunnel lining and surrounding rock at the point of the interaction theory and simulation values, the results show that the theoretical values and simulation values are not entirely consistent, but the change trend and scope of roughly the same, demonstrate the applicability of the theoretical calculation, and has certain guiding significance to the actual project.