区域经济发展是政府决策的核心问题之一，也是学术界关注的重大问题。区域经济发展不仅关系到地区的发展，还关系到一个地区乃至一个国家的繁荣与稳定。区域经济的发展受到诸多因素的影响，其中政府政策在区域经济发展中具有极其重要的作用，政府政策是否科学合理直接关系到区域经济的发展。 本文从区域经济发展与政府政策的一般理论入手，研究陕西区域经济发展中政府政策问题。文章将理论与陕西区域经济发展的实际相结合，着重分析陕西区域经济发展的现状和陕西区域经济发展中存在的问题；并通过对陕西区域经济发展主要问题的相关政府政策进行深入分析，提出针对性的政策建议。 1999年—2008年，陕西区域经济取得了较大的发展。陕西省GDP总量翻了两番、基础建设投资不断增加、森林覆盖率增加、以能源化工为主的优势产业发展前景良好、城镇居民人均收入增长、住房条件有所改善、对外开放水平提高。陕西区域经济发展的同时也存在区域经济发展难度增加、区域市场环境欠佳、区域经济发展不均衡、生态环境损坏、政府政策和行政体制缺乏创新等问题。这主要是因为我国现行的资本与劳动力流动政策阻碍了省际收入差距的收敛；税收和转移支付政策对陕西区域经济的发展存在不利影响；对陕西经济发展的倾斜政策一定程度上导致了陕西各地区经济发展的不平衡。陕西省政策和制度创新不到位；区域经济发展中政策倾斜导致各地区要素投入不均；发展经济的过程中生态环境保护政策不完善；政府行政理念略显保守。 要更好地促进陕西区域经济发展，中央政府应加大对陕西的财政支出支持力度，给予货币制度的适度倾斜和税收制度的优惠，完善生态环境保护政策，增强政策执行力。陕西省政府应做好区域经济发展规划，增强特色产业的竞争优势，注重各地区协调发展，切实保护生态环境，加强各地区的合作。

The development of regional economy is the core issue of government decision-making and one of major issues of academic concern. It is not only related to regional development, but also related to the prosperity and stability of a region and even a country. The development of regional economy is affected by many factors; one of the most important ones is government policies, which have an extremely important role in the development of regional economy. Scientific and reasonable government policies are directly related to the development of regional economy. This paper first analyzes general theory of the development of regional economy and government policies, and analyzes the government policies in the development of the regional economy in Shanxi Province based on the study of general theory .Then it analyzes the status and problems of the development of the regional economy in Shanxi Province. At last, it offers some targeted policy recommendations through the deep analysis of major issues in the development of regional economy in Shanxi Province. Regional economy of Shanxi Province has made a great development from 1999 to 2008. GDP of Shanxi Province has quadrupled, infrastructure investment has increased, forest cover has increased, competitive industries based on energy and chemical industries have good prospect, per capita income of urban resident has grown, housing conditions have been improved, and the level of opening has risen. There are also many difficulties in the development of regional economy while it’s developed, Such as more difficulties of the development of regional economy ,regional market environment is not good enough, unbalanced in the development of regional economy, ecological environmental has been damaged, lack of innovation in policy and administrative system and other issues. The mainly reason is that our current capital and labor mobility policy hinders the convergence of inter-provincial income disparity; tax and transfer payment policy on the development of regional economy in Shanxi also has adverse affection; the preferential policies about development of regional economy in Shanxi Province has led to a certain disparity. The innovation of policy and institutional in Shanxi Province is not in the place; the policy preferences led to uneven regional factor inputs in different parts; the policy on environment protection is imperfect in the process of economic development; the concept of government administration is somewhat conservative. To promote the development of the regional economy in Shanxi province, the central government should intensify the financial support for Shanxi, supply moderately inclined monetary system and preferential tax system, improve the ecological environment protection policy and enhance policy execution. Shanxi provincial government should be prepared to making the development plan of regional economy, and enhance the competitive advantage of special industries, be focused on the coordinated development of all regions, protect the ecological environment, and strengthen the regional cooperation.