煤体注水弱化技术是在坚硬干燥煤体中注水后，在水压力和毛细力的切割作用下, 裂隙大量扩展，使原来近似的刚性煤体变成由裂隙分割的块体组成的组合体。裂隙中水的粘滞作用及水分子吸附力使块体间粘性结合、刚度降低、形变增大。所以煤体注水弱化技术是处理坚硬顶板、防治冲击地压的有效技术途径，是一项煤矿安全高效开采的保障技术，具有安全、环保、高效、经济等优点。 本文主要采用物理力学试验、相似模拟、数值模拟、矿压观测和现场试验等方法对屯宝煤矿特有的近距离含夹矸综放工作面的注水弱化防治冲击地压进行了较为系统的研究，所做的主要工作及结果如下： （1）通过物理力学试验探究了煤岩抗压强度、剪切模量、体积模量、抗拉强度、内聚力、内摩察角与含水率之间的关系，通过线性回归建立了不同含水率与煤岩力学参数的对应关系。 （2）通过屯宝煤矿煤层赋存的地质资料，建立相似模型，模拟近距离煤层上层煤开采后对下层煤开采的影响。 （3）现场实测工作面开采过程中矿山压力值，分别统计出走向和倾向的矿压曲线分布规律，分析形成“大-小周期来压”的矿压显现规律的原因。 （4）理论研究注水对煤的冲击倾向性的影响，通过数值模拟、相似模拟比较注水前后煤的应力大小、塑性区分布和裂缝发育情况，得出注水防治冲击的压的机理。 （5）提出和实施近距离含夹矸综放工作面顶煤超前预注水弱化技术，优化了注水工艺和参数。

Coal sean water infusion is a technology to hard dry coal, in under the action of water pressure and capillary force of the cutting, crack extending, a lot of making original approximate rigid coal composed of fractures intersected block, The viscous effect of fissure water and water molecules adsorption force make the combination block between viscosity, lower stiffness, stiffness degradation, deformation increase. Coal Bed Water Injection Hole Drilling Construction Technology is to deal with hard roof, effective prevention and control of rock-burst technology way, is the guarantee of a coal mine safety and efficient mining technology, has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, efficient and economic. This article mainly USES the physical mechanics test, similar simulation and numerical simulation mineral pressure observation, the mine pressure observation and field test methods of the chariot treasure mine own close containing dirt band fully-mechanized working face water injection to weaken the prevention and control of rock bursts a systematic research, the main work and results are as follows: (1) By physical and mechanical test of coal and rock compressive strength, shear modulus, bulk modulus, tensile strength, cohesion, friction within the every Angle and the relationship between the moisture content, different moisture contents are established by linear regression and the corresponding relation of coal and rock mechanical parameters. (2) Through the chariot treasure to geological data of coal seam occurrence, similar model, simulate and close coal seam water injection of the lower coal after mining the upper coal mining. (3) The measured working face mining pressure value in the process of mining, the statistics of the trend and tendency of the mine pressure curve distribution, analysis of the formation of "small" - the first weighting and periodic law of mine pressure appear. (4) First of all, the theory to study the influence of the inclination of the impact of water injection in coal, and then through the numerical simulation and similarity simulation compared before and after the stress of coal injection, the plastic zone distribution and fracture development situation, it is concluded that the mechanism of prevention and control of shock pressure water injection. (5)Is proposed and implemented at close range with a thick top-coal of full-mechanized caving mining face advancing water injection weakening technology, optimizing the water injection process and parameters.