煤炭作为我国主体能源和兜底能源，是能源安全的“压舱石”。随着我国浅部煤炭资源日益枯竭，许多矿井进入深部开采阶段，煤层高瓦斯压力、高地温、高应力、低渗透特征更加显著，瓦斯灾害已成为制约矿井安全高效生产的主要因素之一。煤层瓦斯钻孔预抽是防治瓦斯灾害的主要方法之一，其中钻孔布置与受载煤体吸附解吸渗流及变形特性密切相关，是提高煤层瓦斯预抽效率的关键问题。本文运用理论分析、实验室实验、数值模拟、现场工业性试验等方法，研究了温度及有效应力作用下瓦斯吸附解吸渗流与煤体变形规律及特征，揭示了受载含瓦斯煤体解吸渗流与变形耦合机理，分析了考虑两者耦合效应的煤层瓦斯抽采规律。

论文研发了受载含瓦斯煤体解吸渗流与变形测试系统，主要由应力加载、瓦斯吸附解吸渗流、数据测试与采集控制等系统组成。选择典型高瓦斯矿井煤样，从煤体力学特性、瓦斯吸附解吸及煤体变形特性等方面对型煤与原煤试件进行对比，验证了采用型煤试件进行研究的合理性；得到了不同有效应力及温度作用下煤体孔隙度变化规律，发现随着实验温度及有效应力增大，煤体孔隙度呈线性减小趋势。

通过开展煤体瓦斯等温吸附实验，分析了受载煤体瓦斯吸附及变形特征参数与温度及有效应力之间的关系；研究了受载含瓦斯煤体解吸变形特征，量化了瓦斯解吸量及煤体变形量与解吸时间的变化规律，分析了温度及有效应力对受载含瓦斯煤体解吸率、解吸速率、动扩散系数及煤体变形等特征参数的影响。煤体瓦斯吸附及变形量均与气体压力之间呈Langmuir型变化规律，煤体瓦斯吸附量及变形量与温度之间呈负线性相关，与有效应力之间呈负指数相关，煤体变形量随瓦斯吸附量增加呈Langmuir型增大趋势。瓦斯解吸率随温度升高呈线性增大趋势，随有效应力升高呈对数函数增长关系，瓦斯最大解吸率达到47.1%；随着温度及有效应力升高，瓦斯解吸平衡状态煤体逐渐由残余变形转变为富余变形。

通过受载含瓦斯煤体渗流实验，得到了煤体渗透率随温度及有效应力的变化关系，明确了全应力应变过程煤体渗流演化特征，对比分析了温度作用下含瓦斯煤体力学参数变化规律。煤体瓦斯降压渗流过程中，受载含瓦斯煤体渗透率呈指数增大趋势，煤体变形量与瓦斯渗流压力之间呈指数变化规律；随温度及有效应力增大，煤体渗透率呈指数衰减趋势。受载煤体全应力应变过程中，煤体渗透率随轴向应力增大而逐渐降低，当达到应力峰值时渗透率会出现陡增现象；受载煤体峰值强度、弹性模量与温度之间呈负线性相关关系，而煤体泊松比随温度升高呈线性增大趋势。

在分析煤体瓦斯解吸渗流与变形特征基础上，运用固体力学、多孔介质流体动力学、渗流力学、损伤力学等理论，建立了受载含瓦斯煤体解吸渗流及变形耦合模型，揭示了两者之间的耦合机理。通过COMSOL Multiphysics数值模拟软件，研究了不同温度及有效应力作用下煤体瓦斯解吸渗流与变形特征，模拟结果与实验结果具有良好一致性。对比实验与数值模拟结果，煤体瓦斯解吸量最大标准差为0.208 cm³·g^-1，最小标准差为0.002 cm³·g^-1，煤体瓦斯渗透率最大标准差为0.705×10^-3 μm²，最小标准差为0.002×10^-3 μm²，验证了所建立的受载含瓦斯煤体解吸渗流及变形耦合模型的可靠性及合理性。

以陕西陕煤铜川矿业有限公司玉华煤矿1417工作面为工程背景，应用COMSOL Multiphysics数值模拟软件，分析了考虑煤体解吸渗流及变形耦合效应下钻孔直径、煤层瓦斯含量、抽采负压、煤体渗透率和抽采时间等因素对煤层瓦斯预抽效果的影响规律，并优化确定了现场煤层瓦斯预抽钻孔参数。随着钻孔直径增大，钻孔有效抽采半径呈增大趋势；随着煤层瓦斯含量及渗透率升高，钻孔有效抽采半径呈线性增大趋势；抽采负压对钻孔有效抽采半径的影响不明显；随着抽采时间增大，钻孔有效抽采半径呈指数增大趋势，并在抽采后期趋于稳定。结合玉华煤矿实际条件，得到钻孔有效抽采半径能够达到5.4 m，确定了瓦斯预抽钻孔直径为133 mm，抽采负压为22.55 kPa，钻孔间距为6 m。通过现场工程实践，分析了现场不同钻孔抽采时间下钻孔预抽参数的变化规律，验证了所得到的煤层瓦斯预抽钻孔布置参数的合理性，保证了工作面的安全生产，为进一步完善煤层瓦斯抽采多场耦合理论、实现煤层瓦斯精准抽采与防治提供了一定的理论依据和技术支持。

As China’s main and sole source of energy, coal is the “ballast” of energy security. With the increasing depletion of shallow coal resources in China, many mines have entered the deep. The characteristics of high gas pressure, temperature, stress and low permeability in coal seams are more significant. Gas disasters have become one of the main factors restricting the safe and efficient production. The pre-drainage of coalbed methane (CBM) is one of the main methods to prevent and control gas disasters. The arrangement of drilling holes is closely related to the adsorption, desorption, seepage of gas and deformation of the loaded coal, which is the key problem to improve the pre-drainage efficiency of CBM. In this paper, theoretical analysis, laboratory experiment, numerical simulation and field test were used to study the characteristics of gas adsorption, desorption, seepage and coal deformation under the action of temperature and effective stress. The coupling mechanism of desorption-seepage and deformation of CH₄-containing coal under stress loading was revealed, and the drainage of CBM considering the coupling effect was analyzed.

A testing system for gas desorption, seepage and coal deformation under stress loading was developed in this paper, which was mainly composed of stress loading, gas adsorption, desorption, seepage, data testing and acquisition control systems. The coal sample was selected from typical high gas mine, the characteristics of briquette and raw coal samples from the aspects of mechanical property, gas adsorption-desorption and coal deformation were compared, and the rationality of using briquette samples for research was verified. The change of coal porosity under different effective stress and temperature was obtained. It was found that the porosity of coal decreased linearly with the increase of temperature and effective stress.

The variation between gas adsorption and induced deformation in loaded coal under different temperature and effective stress was analyzed by carrying out gas isothermal adsorption experiment. The gas desorption and induced deformation in CH₄-containing coal under stress loading was studied, and the change relationship between the gas desorption, coal deformation amount and desorption time was revealed. The influence of temperature and effective stress on the desorption ratio, desorption rate, dynamic diffusion coefficient and coal deformation of the loaded CH₄-containing coal was analyzed. The gas adsorption and deformation amount of coal shown a Langmuir type with gas pressure. The gas adsorption and deformation amount of coal shown a negative linear correlation with increasing temperature, and a negative exponential correlation with elevated effective stress. The deformation amount of coal shown a Langmuir type trend with the increase of gas adsorption amount. The gas desorption ratio increased linearly with temperature and logarithmically with effective stress. The maximum gas desorption ratio reached 47.1%. With the increase of temperature and effective stress, the coal deformation in equilibrium state of gas desorption gradually changed from residual to surplus ones.

Through the seepage experiment of CH₄-containing coal under load, the relationship between coal permeability and temperature and effective stress was obtained, and the evolution of gas seepage in the process of full stress and strain were clarified. The change of mechanical parameters of CH₄-containing coal under the effect of temperature was compared and analyzed. In the process of gas seepage with reduced pressure, the permeability of the loaded CH₄-containing coal increased exponentially, and there was an exponential relationship between coal deformation and gas pressure. With the increase of temperature and effective stress, the coal permeability decreased exponentially. During the full stress and strain process of the loaded coal, the permeability of the coal decreased gradually with the increase of the axial stress, and increased sharply when the peak stress was reached. The peak strength and elastic modulus of the loaded coal had a negative linear correlation with the temperature, while the Poisson's ratio of the coal increased linearly with the temperature.

On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of gas desorption, seepage and coal deformation, the coupling model of desorption-seepage and deformation of loaded CH₄-containing coal was established by using the theories of solid mechanics, porous medium fluid dynamics, seepage mechanics, damage mechanics, and the coupling mechanism between them was revealed. Through COMSOL Multiphysics numerical simulation software, the gas desorption-seepage and coal deformation under different temperatures and effective stresses were studied. The simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental ones. Compared the experimental results with the numerical simulation, the maximum standard deviation of gas desorption was 0.208 cm³·g^-1, and the minimum was 0.002 cm³·g^-1. The maximum standard deviation of coal permeability was 0.705×10^-3 μm², and the minimum was 0.002×10^-3 μm². The reliability of the desorption-seepage and deformation coupling model of the loaded CH₄-containing coal was verified.

Took the 1417 working face of Yuhua Coal Mine of Shaanxi Tongchuan Mining Co., Ltd. as the engineering background, used COMSOL Multiphysics numerical simulation software, and the influence of borehole diameter, CBM content, negative pressure of extraction, coal permeability and extraction time on the pre-drainage effect under the consideration of gas desorption-seepage and coal deformation coupling effect was analyzed in this paper. The on-site pre-drainage borehole parameter was optimized and determined. The effective extraction radius of the borehole tended to increase with the increase of the borehole diameter. With the increase of gas content and permeability of coal, the effective drainage radius increased linearly. The influence of negative pressure on the effective pumping radius was not obvious. With the increase of drainage time, the effective pumping radius of the borehole increased exponentially and tended to be stable in the late period. Combined with the actual conditions of Yuhua Coal Mine, the diameter of the gas pre drainage borehole was determined to 133 mm, the negative pressure of the drainage was 22.55 kPa, and the borehole spacing was 6 m. Through field test, the change of pre-drainage parameters under different drilling drainage time was analyzed, and the rationality of the obtained drilling hole layout parameters for pre-drainage was verified. The research ensured safe production of the working face, and provided certain theoretical basis and technical support for improving the multi field coupling theory of CBM drainage and realizing the accurate drainage and prevention of CBM.

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