煤气化是将煤转化为洁净燃气的过程，该技术不仅可以制造高价值化学产品，而且可以减少煤炭直接燃烧所带来的环境污染。因此，煤气化是一种有效的煤炭高价值利用和绿色环保手段。中国是世界上最大的煤炭消费国之一，大力开发和利用高效清洁的煤气化技术对于提高我国能源利用效率和改善生态环境具有重要意义。

水煤浆是一种新型的煤基流体燃料，由约65%的煤粉、30%的水和1%的添加剂组成。该燃料不仅具有高泵送效率和高燃烧效率的优点，并且还有着易于运输储存、气体污染物排放低以及节能环保等综合优势。兰炭是低变质烟煤通过低温热解产生的固体产物，相较于原煤，兰炭已去除了大部分的SO₂和NO_x，且灰分含量较低、固定碳含量较高，因此是一种理想的清洁燃料选择。此外，兰炭还是配制水焦浆的理想材料，将兰炭粉加工成水焦浆，以此替代原煤气化，可以降低污染成分排放量，并拓宽兰炭资源化利用途径。

本文以神府半焦、水和亚甲基双萘磺酸钠/聚羧酸盐（NNO/PCE）分散剂所制成的水焦浆为研究对象，采用湿法进料的德士古气化技术，基于大型化工模拟软件Aspen Plus建立了水焦浆气化段动力学模型以及灰水处理段模型，并将模拟计算结果与实际数据对比，以验证模型可靠性。采取灵敏度分析方法，讨论了关键参数对气化段产物分布以及碳洗塔出口净合成气的水汽比影响。结果表明：当水焦浆浓度为65%，氧焦比为1.0，反应器直径3.0 m，高径比控制在2.0，氧气进料温度25℃时，气化段出口粗合成气中的有效气含量相对较高。当灰水处理段的变换冷凝液温度控制在100℃，流量25 m³/h，碳洗塔进口的粗合成气C-PRO温度控制在220℃，压力4.20 MPa，流量190000.0 kg/h，碳洗塔压力为3.85 MPa时，可以使净合成气的水汽比满足后续变换工段对饱和水蒸气含量要求。基于上述优化条件，对各工段进行物料及能量衡算，结果表明：水焦浆气化总系统物料及能量均守恒。气化段产出有效气摩尔分数为74%，灰水处理段产出净合成气水汽比为1.33。取1.5384 kg/h的水焦浆进料速率当量进行分析，总系统进料物料所携带能量为33.4977 MJ/h，系统所需外加能量为8.5584 MJ/h，净合成气出口温度213.7℃，所携带的能量为33.8654 MJ/h，占总系统输入的80.52%，系统能量损耗为5.3776 MJ/h。

本文为水焦浆的工业化应用提供了基础理论数据。

Gasification is the process of converting coal into clean gas. This technology can be used not only to produce valuable chemical products, but also to reduce environmental pollution caused by direct coal combustion. Therefore, gasification is an effective means of high-value utilization of coal and environmental protection. China is one of the world’s largest coal-consuming countries, and its development and use of gasification technology with efficient and pure characteristics are of great significance for improving energy utilization efficiency and improving the ecological environment.

Coal-water slurry is a new type of coal-based fluid fuel, composing of about 65% coal powder, 30% water, and 1% additives. It has the advantages of high efficient pumping and combustion, easy transportation and storage, low emissions of gas pollutants, energy conservation and environmental protection. Compared with raw coal, semi-coke, the solid product produced by low metamorphic bituminous coal of low-temperature pyrolysis, has removed most of the SO₂ and NO_x, and has a lower ash content and a higher fixed carbon content. Therefore, it can be regarded as an ideal clean fuel choice. In addition, semi-coke is also an ideal material for preparing semi-coke water slurry. Processing semi-coke powder into semi-coke water slurry can replace coal gasification, reduce the emission of pollutant components, and broaden the utilization of semi-coke resource.

This paper took the semi-coke water slurry prepared by combining semi-coke with water and sodium methylenebisnaphthalene sulfonate/polycarboxylate water reducer (NNO/PCE) dispersant as the research object, used the Texaco gasification technology with wet raw material supply, and established a dynamic model of semi-coke water slurry gasification section and a model of ash-water treatment section based on the large chemical engineering simulation software Aspen Plus. The simulation calculation results were then compared with actual data to verify the reliability of the model. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to discuss the impact of key parameters on the product distribution of the gasification section and the water/vapor ratio of the net synthesis gas in the carbon scrubber outlet. The results show that when the concentration of semi-coke water slurry is 65%, the oxygen/semi-coke ratio is 1.0, the diameter of the reactor is 3.0 m, the height/diameter ratio is 2.0, and the oxygen supply temperature is 25°C, the effective gas content in the crude synthesis gas at the outlet of the gasification section is relatively high. When the temperature of the condensate in the ash-water treatment section is controlled at 100℃ with the flow rate of 25 m³/h, and the temperature of the crude synthesis gas C-PRO at the carbon scrubber inlet is controlled at 220℃ with the pressure of 4.20 MPa and the flow rate of 190000.0 kg/h, and the pressure in the carbon washing tower is 3.85 MPa, the water/vapor ratio of the net synthesis gas can meet the requirements for the saturated water vapor content in the subsequent transformation section. Based on the above optimization conditions, the material and energy balance of each section were calculated, and the results indicate that the material and energy are conserved in the overall system of semi-coke water slurry gasification. The molar fraction of effective gas produced in the gasification section is 74% and the water/vapor ratio of net synthesis gas produced in the ash-water treatment section is 1.33. When the equivalent feed rate of 1.5384 kg/h of semi-coke water slurry is selected for analysis, the results show that the total energy carried by the system’s incoming material is 33.4977 MJ/h, the required additional energy is 8.5584 MJ/h, the outlet temperature of the net synthesis gas is 213.7℃, with the energy of 33.8654 MJ/h, accounting for 80.52% of the total system input. The energy loss of the system is 5.3776 MJ/h.

This article provides fundamental theoretical data for the industrial application of semi-coke water slurry.

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