矿山开采给人类生产生活带来便利的同时，也对其周边地区生态环境造成严重污染。对造成污染的矿山生态修复区进行长效生态监测机制，并完成修复区边坡设计及稳定性分析，对改善生态修复效果、促进生态修复良性循环助益颇多。本文以宁夏贺兰山大武口沟为研究对象，通过高空间分辨率遥感数据、高光谱遥感数据完成边坡生态修复监测，结合生态修复监测结果选定典型生态修复区，完成典型修复区平台-边坡系统形态特征特征、侵蚀破坏分析，测定碎石土边坡力学特性并完成了碎石土边坡稳定性分析，为废弃矿山生态修复提供参考。本文研究内容及取得成果如下：

（1）基于GF-2遥感影像完成了废弃矿山生态修复前后的土地利用分类；基于珠海一号高光谱遥感影像完成研究区植被覆盖度估算和植被生长状况评价。首先，进行了高空间分辨率和高光谱遥感影像的预处理；其次，对高空间分辨率数据进行了试验区划定完成影像分割分类，基于分类结果完成地物面积变化的统计，完成矿区生态修复的动态监测；最后，基于高光谱遥感影像进行植被覆盖度和植被健康状况分析，完成植被生长情况研究。

（2）在研究区选定典型生态修复区域，利用无人机倾斜摄影测量技术和三维激光扫描技术完成数据采集，并生成了研究区的三维实景模型；分析了典型生态修复区的地貌类型，分别为平台-边坡系统、矿坑和平地；对坡高、坡度、坡长等边坡形态特征进行了统计分析；结合现场调研分析了平台-边坡系统的侵蚀破坏类型及成因分析。

（3）在典型边坡完成碎石土取样，测定了碎石土的天然含水量等基本物理力学参数；利用三轴压缩试验确定了最优剪切速率，并测定了不同含石量、不同含水量情况下应力应变曲线；分析了不同含石量、不同含水量下碎石土峰值强度以及不同含石量、不同含水量情况下抗剪强度参数。

（4）根据研究区平台-边坡系统统计数据、现场调研情况和岩土体参数确定的试验条件，选取坡度（21°、25°和30°）、碎石含量（30%、50%、70%）、含水量（9%、12%和15%）、台阶数（2、3和4）和上覆黄土层厚度（0.5m、1m和1.5m）5种因素，进行正交试验设计；基于FLAC3D软件，计算了不同影响因素组合下边坡稳定性系数、边坡稳定性程度，并进行了数值试验的方差分析以及分析了影响因素。

While mining brings convenience to human production and life, it also causes serious pollution to the ecological environment in its surrounding areas. The long-term ecological monitoring mechanism for the polluted mine ecological restoration area is carried out, and the slope design and stability analysis of the restoration area are completed, which is helpful to improve the ecological restoration effect and promote the virtuous cycle of ecological restoration. In this paper, Dawukougou of Helan Mountain in Ningxia is taken as the research object. The slope ecological restoration monitoring is completed by high spatial resolution remote sensing data and hyperspectral remote sensing data. Combined with the ecological restoration monitoring results, the typical ecological restoration area is selected, and the typical restoration area platform-slope system is completed. Morphological characteristics, erosion damage analysis, determination of mechanical properties of gravel soil slope and completion of stability analysis of gravel soil slope provide a reference for ecological restoration of abandoned mines. The research contents and achievements of this paper are as follows:

（1）Based on GF-2 remote sensing image, the land use classification before and after ecological restoration of abandoned mines was completed. Based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image of Zhuhai No.1, the vegetation coverage estimation and vegetation growth status evaluation in the study area were completed. Firstly, the preprocessing of high spatial resolution and hyperspectral remote sensing images is carried out. Secondly, the experimental area of high spatial resolution data is delineated to complete the image segmentation and classification. Based on the classification results, the statistics of the change of the surface area are completed, and the dynamic monitoring of the ecological restoration of the mining area is completed. Finally, based on hyperspectral remote sensing images, vegetation coverage and vegetation health status were analyzed to complete the study of vegetation growth.

（2）The typical ecological restoration area was selected in the study area, and the data acquisition was completed by using UAV tilt photogrammetry technology and 3 D laser scanning technology, and the 3 D real scene model of the study area was generated. The geomorphic types of typical ecological restoration areas are analyzed, which are platform-slope system, mine pit and flat land. The slope morphological characteristics such as slope height, slope gradient and slope length were statistically analyzed. Combined with field investigation, the types and causes of erosion damage of platform-slope system are analyzed.

（3）The gravel soil sampling was completed on the typical slope, and the basic physical and mechanical parameters such as the natural water content of the gravel soil were measured. The optimal shear rate was determined by triaxial compression test, and the stress-strain curves under different stone content and different water content were measured. The peak strength of gravel soil under different stone content and different water content and the shear strength parameters under different stone content and different water content are analyzed. .

（4）According to the statistical data of the platform-slope system in the study area, the field investigation and the test conditions determined by the rock and soil parameters, the slope ( 21 °, 25 ° and 30 ° ), gravel content ( 30 %, 50 %, 70 % ), water content ( 9 %, 12 % and 15 % ), the number of steps ( 2,3 and 4 ) and the thickness of the overlying loess layer ( 0.5m, 1m and 1.5m ) were selected for orthogonal test design. Based on FLAC3 D software, the slope stability coefficient and slope stability degree under different combination of influencing factors are calculated, and the variance analysis of numerical test and the influencing factors of stability are analyzed.