矸石山火区严重威胁着矿区环境，并对矿井安全生产构成威胁。东荣二矿矸石山火区经过长时间发展，其温度高、范围也很大，对矿井安全生产构成严重威胁。本文研究了矸石山的特点，分析了硫铁矿等矿物质含量，矸石山含煤量及煤的变质程度，矸石堆积形态，含水率等因素对矸石山自燃的影响；通过火区现场监测和理论分析，说明高温矸石山中不仅存在煤的氧化反应，还存在煤与二氧化碳的气化反应，煤与水蒸汽的反应，分析了向高温矸石山中直接水会引起矸石山爆炸的原因；通过矸石山内的传质分析，得到矸石山内各种气体渗流规律，建立了矸石山火区的数学模型；根据矸石山火区特点，提出了注复合胶体防灭火的总体技术方案。通过向矸石山注胶，基本上扑灭了火区，保障了矿井安全，生存环境也得到了有效地改善。研究表明，胶体材料具有吸热降温、堵塞漏风通道和阻化功能，适应了扑灭煤层火灾的需要。选择粉煤灰复合胶体为主要灭火材料，利用矿区附近电厂粉煤灰作为主要原料，既降低了防灭火成本，又充分利用了废料，起到了良好的防灭火作用。选择地面固定式灌浆注胶系统进行注胶，实现大流量灌注复合胶体，其防灭火效果良好。

Wastrock spontaneous combustion seriously threatened safety production and contained the environment in coalmine. After long term development, spontaneous fire zone in the wastrock piles in Dongrong No.2 mine got the characteristics of high temperature and large range, which threatened safety production of the enterprise seriously. In the present study, influence of characteristics of the wasterock, including sulfer content, carbon content and deteroprate degree, water content and stacking property, on spontaneous combustion are stuied. Through wasterock fire site monitoring and theoretical analysis, it proved that there exist not only coal oxidation bu also gasification (reaction of coal with carbon dioxide and water vapor). The reason of explosion during drenching water into the high-temperature fire zone int the wastrock pile is analyzed systematically. Through analyzing mass transfer in the wasterock pile, a model for regulation of gas penetration and development of the fire is set up. According to characteristics of the wasterock spontaneous combustion, a general technique scheme to extinguish the fire is put forward. The fire is extinguished successfully by means of injecting composite gel into the fire zone, which safeguarded safety production and improved the environment in the coalmine. It proved that the composite gel can absorb large amount of heat and plug air leakage passages, which suits for extinguish wasterock pile fire well. The composite gel makes full use of fly ash from the nearby power station, which not only reliefed environmental pollution by the waste ash but also reduced cost of the fire-fighting material. The fire extinguishing system realized injecting gel in large flux and got very good fire extinguishing effect.