太西无烟煤是我国具有重要经济价值的稀缺煤种，是保护性开采资源。近些年，由于井工开采、小煤窑生产、自燃等原因给太西煤造成了巨大浪费。同时，太西煤开采中对煤质均衡考虑不足，导致原煤产品质量的波动。针对这一现实，本论文拟通过煤质均衡控制的技术研究，服务于大峰矿下煤组开采中煤炭产品的质量均衡、缩短加工过程，实现太西煤的有效节约与高效利用。 本文在分析大峰矿煤质资料数据基础上，采用Surfer及CAD软件绘制了下组煤各主采煤层的煤质（水分、灰分、挥发分、硫分、发热量）等值线图，得出了下组煤各主采煤层的煤质变化及分布规律。研究结果表明，大峰矿下组煤各主采煤层的煤质分布及其变化规律为：（1）三1、三2、五煤层的水分整体上沿向斜轴变化较为明显；七2煤层水分在井田东部变化最为明显。（2）三1、三2煤层灰分整体较低，均在井田北部最高，五煤、七2煤灰分偏高， 在井田中心处达到最高。（3）三1煤层挥发分在井田东北部高于西南部；三2、七2煤层挥发分从井田东南部向西北部逐步增加；五煤层挥发分在井田中心最高。（4）三1、三2、七2煤层的硫分从西南向东北逐渐增加；五煤层的硫分由井田边缘开始向井田中心逐渐降低。（5）三1、三2煤层发热量在北部变化较为明显；五煤层发热量在井田中心最低；七2煤层发热量由井田东南向东北逐渐增高。 对影响下组煤煤质均衡控制的主要因素从以下几个方面作了分析：下组煤的结构特征、开采地质条件、开采工艺条件、采场结构等。在此基础之上，根据煤质分布规律，以灰分、发热量作为目标函数，以灰分、挥发分、发热量、硫分为约束条件，建立了数学模型，用 MATLAB软件优化工具箱中的函数编写求解程序，对其数学模型进行了求解。结果表明：要想混配煤的灰分不高于10.00%，发热量不低于31.00 MJ/kg，如果三1、三2、五煤混配，则各煤层配比为：三1煤层28.68%，三2煤层36.24%，五煤层35.08%；配完后的混配灰分为9.58%，发热量为31.00 MJ/kg。如果三1、三2、七2煤混配，则各煤层配比为：三1煤层34.25%，三2煤层43.28%，七2煤层22.47%；配完后的混配灰分为10.00%，发热量为31.17 MJ/kg。如果三1、三2、五、七2煤混配，则各煤层配比为：三1煤层29.48%，三2煤层37.25%，五煤层19.34%，七2煤层13.93%；配完后的混配灰分为10.00%，发热量为31.00 MJ/kg。

The Taixi anthracite is the few rare types of important economic value of china, which is the exploitation of resources to be protected. In recent years, because of the underground mining, production of small coal mines, spontaneous combustion and other reasons make Taixi coal caused huge losses. At the same time, due to lack consideration of coal quality balance in Taixi coal Mining,which makes fluctuations of product quality. In response to this reality, the paper intends to achieve effective conservation and efficient use of Taixi coal by the “Study on the Coal Quality Balance Control”,Which services at coal quality balance of products of lower coal group in Dafeng mine. The paper obtained the distribution and variation of coal quality of each main coal seam,which based on the analysis of coal quality dates of Dafeng mine, by using Surfer and CAD drawing the coal quarity ( moisture, ash, volatile, sulfur, calorific) contour map of each main coal seam of lower coal group.The results show that the distribution and variation of coal quality of each main coal seam of lower coal group in Dafeng mine are: (1) The moisture of 3#1，3#2 and 5# coal seam change obviously along the synclinal axis, the moisture of 7#2 coal seam changes obviously in the eastern of the mine. (2) The ash of 3#1 and 3#2 coal seam are lower and increase gradually from the south to north in the mine, the ash of 5# and 7#2 coal seam are higher and the highest at the center of the mine.(3) the volatile of 3#1 coal seam in northeast is higher than southwest, the volatile of 3#2 and 7#2 coal seam increase gradually from southeast to northwest, the volatile of 5# coal seam is the highest at the center of the mine. (4) the sulfur of 3#1 , 3#2 and 7#2 coal seam increase gradually from west to east, the sulfur of 3#2 coal seam increase gradually from southwest to northeast, The sulfur of 5# coal seam decreases from the edge to the center of the mine. (5) the calorific of 3#1 and 3#2 coal seam change obviously in north, the calorific of 5# coal seam is the lowest at the center of mine. the calorific of 7#2 coal seam increases gradually from southeast to northeast. Analysed the main factors of affecting coal quality balance control of lower coal group in Dafeng mine from the structure characteristic, mining geological conditions, mining conditions and stope structure. On this basis, according to the distribution of coal quality, with the ash and the heat as the objective function , with the ash，heat，volatile，sulfur as the constraints and set up mathe matical model. Using the function in MATLAB software programing to solve the model. The results show that: To achieve ash not more than 10.00 %, the heat not less than 31.00 MJ / kg of coal blending. If 3# 1, 3# 2, 5# coal seam mixed, in order to meet the requirements, the ratio of each coal seam as follows: 3 # 1 coal 28.68 %; 3 # 2 coal 36.24 %; 5 # coal 35.08 %; the mixed coal with ash 9.58 % and the heat 31.00 MJ / kg. If 3# 1, 3# 2, 7#2 coal seam mixed, the ratio of each coal seam as follows: 3 # 1 coal 34.25 %; 3 # 2 coal 43.28 %; 7#2 coal 22.47 %; the mixed coal with ash 10.00 % and the heat 31.17 MJ / kg. If 3# 1, 3# 2, 5#,7#2 coal seam mixed, the ratio of each coal seam as follows: 3 # 1 coal 29.48 %; 3 # 2 coal 37.25 %; 5# coal 19.34 %；7#2 coal 13.93 %; the mixed coal with ash 10.00 % and the heat 31 MJ / kg.