TBM（Tunnel Boring Machine）隧道施工技术逐渐被引入煤矿井筒建设中来。大量工程实践表明，盾构过程中应对不同地质条件时，管片接缝处变形及相邻管片环间的破坏也大不相同，滑动、裂损、错台、渗漏等问题层出不穷。所以，研究煤矿井筒TBM施工衬砌管片及围岩的变形规律具有实践指导意义。 论文以涝坝湾煤矿副平硐建设工程为背景，科学设计了三维物理相似模拟实验方案，通过岩样基础物理性质力学试验，结合物理相似模拟实验理论，合理选择了土体模拟材料包括砂、石膏、大白粉、黏土和巴厘石等材料介质，根据几何相似条件、应力相似条件设计了硬质PVC材质的简化模拟管片，并依托Ansys Workbench中静力学结构模块针对三维物理模拟实验中管片的模拟材料建立了对应三维非线性有限元计算模型，通过计算分析了副平硐周围岩体在自重及覆岩压力作用下管片的应力分布与变形情况，与物理模拟实验结果进行比对验证。模型铺填尺寸长、宽、高分别为4.42m、1.95m、2.90m。模型采用分阶段开掘方式，利用“声-光-电”综合信息数字化监测系统监测、采集实时数据并加以分析，结合荷载结构法及数值计算对衬砌结构的设计方案进行了优化，提出了相关建议。 结果表明：井筒掘进过程中，多次开掘扰动导致其周围岩层整体性受到破坏，衬砌管片环主要承受荷载为压应力，其两侧集中存在较小拉应力，衬砌结构变形、破坏位置主要为管片环顶部以及两侧管片接缝处，变形破坏主要形式包括顶部管片拉伸变形、接缝处拉裂破坏，（少量）拱块局部开裂；岩层整体会出现“V”型沉降。

TBM tunnel construction technology has been introduced in the construction of mine shaft. A large number of engineering practice shows that, under different geological conditions in the process of deformation and failure of shield segment, and the seams are not the same, sliding, crack, leakage and other phenomena emerge in an endless stream, so it has practical guiding significance to study the deformation laws of surrounding rock and the tunnel construction of the tunnel of the mine TBM. On the background of LaoBawan coal mine auxiliary adit TBM construction project, The 3D physical similarity simulation test bench was set up in science.Through the basic physical and mechanical properties test of rock samples and the theory of physical similarity simulation, the soil simulation materials are reasonably selected, including sand, gypsum, white powder, clay and Bali stone, and the simplified simulated segment of the hard PVC material is designed according to the geometric similar conditions and the stress similarity conditions. Relying on the static structure module of Ansys Workbench for 3D physical simulation material of the segment constructed a corresponding 3D nonlinear finite element calculation model of the upper and the surrounding rock tunnelling in dead-weight and overlying strata's stress distribution and deformation analysis by the the powerful computing capability.The size of the model was long, wide and high, and 4.42m, 1.95m and 2.60m respectively. Combined with the theory of physical similarity simulation and the results of numerical simulation, a simplified simulation tube of hard PVC material is designed. The model is excavated at different stages, and the monitoring data and real-time data are analyzed and monitored by using the comprehensive information digitalization monitoring system. The design scheme of lining structure is optimized combined with load structure method and numerical calculation, and reasonable suggestions are put forward. The results show that the auxiliary adit excavation process, repeatedly digging tunnel surrounding rock disturbance causes the overall damage, lining ring main bearing load is compressive stress, the tensile stress exists on both sides of the concentration is small, the deformation and failure of the main position for the segment ring and the top sheet on both sides of the pipe joints, the deformation and failure of the main form including the top the segment joints tensile deformation, tensile failure (few) block local cracking; the whole rock will appear "V" type settlement.