瓦斯爆炸是矿井安全生产的主要危险之一，研究抑爆减灾技术是瓦斯爆炸防控工作中的重点内容。瓦斯爆炸粉体抑制剂可以减弱瓦斯爆炸灾害的破坏力，从而很大程度降低瓦斯爆炸事故伤亡。Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄复合粉体对A类火灾有较好的灭火功效，本文将其用于C类气体爆炸抑制，考察Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄复合粉体对瓦斯爆炸的抑爆效果。利用瞬态火焰传播实验系统分别开展Mg(OH)₂粉体、NH₄H₂PO₄粉体和Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄复合粉体抑制瓦斯爆炸实验，对比分析单一粉体、六种配比复合粉体对瓦斯爆炸的抑爆效能，并结合爆炸火焰瞬态光谱特性分析和TG-DSC热重-差热过程分析，揭示Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄复合粉体抑制瓦斯爆炸机理，研究内容对新型抑制材料用于瓦斯爆炸防控领域具有重要意义，主要结论如下：

(1) 六种组分配比Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄复合粉体对应的最大爆炸压力、火焰温度峰值和火焰传播速度均小于单一的NH₄H₂PO₄和Mg(OH)₂粉体，表现出Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄复合粉体相比单一组分的粉体具有协同抑爆作用，且抑爆效果最好的Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄复合粉体存在最佳组分配比为20:80。

(2) 无论在上部还是中部光纤位置处，相比10%浓度瓦斯爆炸，Mg(OH)₂粉体抑制10%浓度瓦斯爆炸过程中H•的相对辐射强度峰值上升，另外七种中间产物的相对辐射强度峰值下降；NH₄H₂PO₄粉体、20:80组分配比的复合粉体分别抑制10%浓度瓦斯爆炸过程中均出现OH•、CHO•、O₂的相对辐射强度峰值下降，CH•、O•、CH₂O、C₂•、H•的相对辐射强度峰值上升；Mg(OH)₂粉体、NH₄H₂PO₄粉体、20:80组分配比的复合粉体抑制10%浓度瓦斯爆炸过程中OH•、O•、CH₂O、C₂•、O₂、H•的存在时间更长，OH•、O•、CH₂O、O₂、H•的消失时间更长。

(3) Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄复合粉体对CH₄爆炸起到协同抑制作用。20:80组分配比的复合粉体抑制10%浓度瓦斯爆炸，NH₃会首先与H•、OH•和O₂反应，当O₂、OH•这种关键中间产物相对辐射强度降低时，对应CH₃只有相互碰撞脱氢产生C₂H₂/C₂H₆，对应的CH•、CH₂O、C₂•、H•中间产物相对辐射强度增强，同时CO₂、CO的体积分数下降为最低。

The gas explosion is one of the main dangers in mine safety production. The study of explosion suppression and disaster mitigation technology is the key content of gas explosion prevention. Powder inhibitors can weaken the destructive power of gas explosion disasters, so as to greatly reduce the casualties of gas explosion accidents. Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄ composite powder has a good extinguishing effect on class A fire, in this paper, it was used to inhibit the explosion of class C gas, and investigate the explosion inhibition effect of Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄ composite powder on the gas explosion. Combined with the transient flame propagation experimental system, experiments on inhibiting gas explosion by Mg(OH)₂ powder, NH₄H₂PO₄ powder and Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄ composite powder were carried out respectively, the inhibitory effect of single powder and six kinds of composite powder on the gas explosion was compared and analyzed. Combined with the analysis of transient spectral characteristics of explosion flame and TG-DSC thermogravimetric differential thermal process, the mechanism of Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄ composite powder inhibiting gas explosion was deduced, to reveal the mechanism of Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄ composite powder inhibiting gas explosion, and the research content is of great significance to the application of new inhibiting materials in gas explosion prevention and control, the main work contents are as follows:

(1) The maximum explosion pressure, flame temperature peak and flame propagation velocity of the six components of Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄ composite powder are all smaller than that of the single NH₄H₂PO₄ and Mg(OH)₂ powder, indicating that the Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄ composite powder has synergistic explosive suppression effect compared with the single component powder. The Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄ composite powder with the best explosive suppression effect has the best composition ratio of 20:80.

(2) In both the upper and middle optical fiber locations, compared with the 10% concentration gas explosion, Mg(OH)₂ powder inhibited 10% concentration gas explosion the peak of relative radiation intensity of H• increases, while the peak of the other seven intermediates decreased. When NH₄H₂PO₄ powder and 20:80 composite powder inhibited 10% concentration gas explosion, the relative radiation intensity peak of OH•, CHO• and O₂ decreased, while the relative radiation intensity peak of CH•, O•, CH₂O, C₂• and H• increased. The existence time of intermediates OH•, O•, CH₂O, C₂•, O₂, H• and the disappearance time of intermediates OH•, O•, CH₂O, O₂, H• in the process of Mg(OH)₂ powder, NH₄H₂PO₄ powder and 20:80 composite powder suppressing 10% concentration gas explosion are longer.

(3) Mg(OH)₂-NH₄H₂PO₄ composite powder has a synergistic inhibition effect on CH₄ explosion. 20:80 composite powder suppress 10% concentration of gas explosion, NH₃ will first react with H•, OH• and O₂, when the relative radiation intensity of key intermediates such as O₂ and OH• reduced, C₂H₂/C₂H₆ is produced by collision dehydrogenation of CH₃, The relative radiation intensity of the intermediates of CH•, CH₂O and C₂• increased, and the volume fraction of CO₂ and CO decreased to the lowest. 

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