随着人工冻结技术在井筒施工过程中的广泛使用，许多冻结工程都遇到了需要穿越深厚富水岩层的问题。但是，我国相关方面的理论研究与实践经验都比较欠缺。开展人工冻结岩石的实验研究、探讨冻结岩石的相关物理力学特性对井筒冻结设计具有重要的指导意义。 本文以胡家河煤矿井筒冻结工程为背景，对人工冻结岩石进行了实验研究。从胡家河矿井筒冻结现场选取煤岩及砂岩两种具有代表性的岩样，在MTS815实验机上进行不同围压及不同温度条件下的单轴及三轴压缩实验。通过绘制砂岩及煤岩在各个不同温度及围压条件下的全应力应变曲线实验结果，分析了煤岩及砂岩在相同围压不同温度条件下及相同温度不同围压条件下的强度及变形特性，并对两种不同岩样的同一性和差异性进行了比较研究。论文主要工作如下： (1)在变形特性方面，同一围压条件下，随着温度的降低，试样的最大轴向应变值均在变小，说明温度的降低使试样逐渐向脆性转化，而泊松比值虽然有所降低，但是降低的幅度并不大；同一温度条件下，随着围压的增大岩样塑性增强，轴向应变值增大且全应力—应变曲线趋于平缓；基于以上分析推导了含温度因子的冻结岩石本构关系； (2)在强度特性方面，常温下砂岩及煤岩的抗压强度均比较低，但砂岩较煤岩强度略高；同一低温条件下，两者强度(包括极限抗压强度及残余强度)和弹性模量(包括割线模量及切线模量)随围压的升高而提高，并且极限抗压强度与残余强度的差值也在不断减小；同一围压条件，强度及弹性模量随温度降低而提高；对粘聚力c及内摩擦角φ分析表明，c随温度的降低而增大，φ基本不随温度变化而变化，表明随着温度的降低并不影响冻结岩石的摩擦强度，而主要决定了冻结岩石的粘结强度；结合实验分析，推导了含温度因子的强度准则； (3)在破坏特性方面，单轴条件下破坏形式呈多样化的特点，三轴条件下以剪切破坏为主且断面单一，破裂面随温度的降低而越发平滑；另一方面，冻结岩石破坏后会出现扩容现象，扩容量随围压升高而减小。

With the widely application of artificial ground freezing in the shaft construction， many projects have met the problems of boring through the rock layers of deep thick and water-rich .However， there are less theoretical research and practical experience relatively in this aspects. To carry out the tests of the artificial freezing soft rock and to study its relative physical-mechanical characteristics would have important directive meanings for the design of shaft design by freezing method. In this paper， with the background of shaft freezing project in Hujiahe coal mine， the testing research and theoretical derivation for artificial freezing rock have been explored. Two typical soft rocks that are coal-rock and sandstone were obtained from engineering sites of Hujiahe. The uniaxial compression tests and triaxial compression tests were conducted on the two types of soft rock at different frozen temperature and different confining pressures. The whole stress-strain curves of samples were drawled under the conditions of different temperature and confining pressures. The strength and deformation characteristics under these conditions were analyzed .And their identity and difference were compared either. The main job were as follows： (1) The deformation behaviors of freezing soft rock was studied. At the same confining pressure conditions， the maximum value of axial strains dropped in size as the temperature decreased， which proved that the sample were tend to brittle transformation gradually as temperature decreasing. Although the passion ratio decreased with temperature changes， but not so much. Under the condition of same temperature， the plastic characters were strengthened as the confining pressure increasing as well as axial strain and the whole stress-strain curves become flat. Based which mentioned before， the constitutive relations including temperature factor was derived. (2)The strength characteristics of freezing rock were studied. Under usual temperature， both coal—rock and sandstone had low compress strength and the strength of sandstone was relatively higher than coal—rock. Under the same low temperature conditions， both the strength (including the limit of compressive strength and residual strength) and elastic modulus (including the secant modulus and tangent modulus) increased with the confining pressure increasing and the limits between strength and residual strength was reduced either. Under the same confining pressure conditions， strength and elastic modulus reduced with temperature increased. The analysis of cohesive force and friction angle showed that the cohesion force would increase with temperature decreasing but the friction angle had little change， which indicated that the factor of temperature does not affect its frictional strength but its cohesive strength. Considered which mentioned before， a new non-liner failure criterion was carried out and its reasonableness was tested by way of samples. (3)The damage characteristics were studied either. Under uniaxial condition， the failure form diverted than a single shear face under triaxial condition. The failure face become sloppy with temperature decreasing. On the other side， the freezing rock would show dilatancy characteristics after peak. The dilatancy value would decrease with the confining pressure increasing.