近年来，随着对能源需求量的不断增加，国家加大了对煤炭资源的开采力度，建立一套完整的煤矿井下无线通讯系统将在高效生产、矿井安全中发挥十分重要的作用。但由于煤矿井下环境的特殊性，无线电波在巷道中传播方式复杂多变，无线通信信道特性规律不明确，从而使得现有煤矿井下无线通信系统设备制造成本高、抗干扰能力差等问题。煤矿井下无线通信信道特性成为制约煤矿井下无线通信技术发展的主要问题。 本文首先研究了无线电波在自由空间和有限空间的传播特性，根据煤矿井下巷道无线电波传播环境提出以点频信号源和频率计为主要测量设备的煤矿井下有限空间无线电波传播测量方法及测量仪器设计开发方案，以实现煤矿井下无线通信测量。 作为核心测量仪器的功率计设计微控制器硬件设计选用ATMEL公司的带USB接口的高性能、低功耗8位AVR单片机AT90USB646，无线信号强度测量采用AD8318检波器与AD转换器件，功率计通过单片机的USB接口与上位计算机联接，实现测量数据在上位机计算机的显示及后期处理。功率计软件设计以C语言为开发语言实现了USB驱动固件的开发、AD转换模块开发及数据的本地存储及与上位计算机通信程序设计。 采用基于图形化编程语言的LabVIEW软件开发环境实现USB总线便携式微波功率计上位机软件设计。在设计的过程中，从分析功率计的设计指标入手，提出测量系统的软件设计方案，完成功率计软件系统的详细设计，完成数据采集、数据分析处理以及数据存储等功能模块的实现。

In recent years， along with the continuously increasing of the energy need， the nation enlarged the strength for of coal resources. Building up a set of integrity wireless communication system will play a very important role in the safely and efficiently production in the coal mine tunnel. But because of the special environment in the coal mine tunnel， complex and changeable mode of radio waves in the tunnel， vague feature and rule propagation of radio waves in the underground tunnel， which make the cost of existing correspondence equipments system high， anti- interference ability is bad etc. The propagation characteristic of radio waves in the coal mine tunnel has become one of key problem， which restricts the development of wireless correspondence technique in the coal mine tunnel. At first， the article has studied the propagation characteristic of radio waves in the underground， according to the propagation environment of the underground， it proposed the test methods and scheme of measuring system that makes signal source and portable microwave power meter as the main measure equipments to do further research of the propagation characteristic of radio waves in the limited space and realize the measuring in the underground. Being the core measure instrument， microwave power meter choose the 8 bit AVR singlechipAT90USB646 with USB interface from ATMEL company in hardware design， which has high performance， low energy consumes， wireless signal strength measure adopts the AD8318 detector and AD converter， the power meter connect with the position machine by USB interface to realize show and postproduction of measured data. The power meter takes C language as development language in software design， which realized a USB drive firmware development， AD converter mold development and native data store and designed a program of communications with position machine etc. It adopted graphical programming language LabVIEW as the software development environment to realize USB bus portable microwave power meter position machine software design. In the process of the design， starting from analysis the design technical specification of power meter， it put forward specific software design scheme of the measure system， completed the realization of molds functions， such as the detailed design of the power meter software measure system， completed data acquisition， data analysis， processing and data storing etc.