超级电容器兼有普通电容器功率密度大和二次电池能量密度高的优点，并且充放电迅速、循环寿命长、使用温度范围宽、免维护且环境友好，在航空航天、军事、工业及民用等领域有着广泛的应用。 活性炭是目前制备超级电容器电极的主要原料，而太西无烟煤制备活性炭早已工业化并实现大规模、高水平生产。本研究以太西低灰分无烟煤为原料，发挥原料煤独特的煤质优势，在现有柱状活性炭常规生产工艺的基础上，开发出制备超级电容器用功能活性炭的工艺技术路线，并研究获取优化的工艺技术指标，最终实现太西煤的高附加值转化。 研究以太西低灰无烟煤和超低灰洁净无烟煤为主要原料，采用不同类型金属盐及其复配盐的添加，通过最终金属盐活性炭的结构性能表征，获取活性炭制备过程中的微观转化机制，并以活性炭为原料，制备电极用超级活性炭，研究制备条件对电极电化学性能的影响，最终得出太西煤制备电极用功能活性炭的技术工艺条件。具体结果如下： （1）低灰无烟煤添加金属盐制备活性炭，合适的金属盐种类、适宜添加量，能增大电极用活性炭有效孔（中孔）的比例，增大被电解质溶液润湿的能力，进而全面提高电极的电化学性能。在各种添加剂中，以含锰金属盐添加剂对活性炭孔结构的调节最为有效。 （2）锰盐的存在影响了“石墨微晶”的生长，导致其大小不一、形状各异并杂乱排列。尚未形成石墨微晶的单一网平面碳和非组织碳以及锰的氧化物晶体杂乱堆积，使得含锰活性炭在三维空间上表现为乱层结构，孔隙度增加。 （3）在锰盐添加量3％、水蒸气的用量为0.75 g H2O(g)/(g干料条·h)、活化温度880℃、活化时间2.5h时，制得电极用功能活性炭的比电容量达141.27 F/g。

Super capacitor has the following advantages: High power density and a secondary battery of high energy density, fast charge and discharge, long cycle life, wide temperature range, maintenance-free and environment-friendly, which have a wide range of applications in the aerospace, military, industrial and civilian fields. Activated carbon is the main raw material for preparing the super capacitor electrode, and the preparation of activated carbon with Taixi anthracite has long been industrialized and large-scale, which has a high-level production. This study would play an advantages in unique raw coal. Based on existing conventional production process of columnar activated carbon, this paper will develop a technology route for preparing activated carbon supercapacitor, and research the optimization technology indicators, which achieve the high-value conversions with Taixi coal. Put the anthracite with low ash and ultra clean anthracite ash as the main raw material. Adding different types metal salts and its complex, characterizing structural performance of activated carbon, the microscopic transformation mechanisms in the process of preparating activated carbon is obtained. Then put the activated carbon as raw material to prepare super-activated carbon and research the influence of preparation conditions on the electrochemical properties. Specific results are as follows: (1) When adding metal salts prepare of activated carbon with a low ash anthracite, suitable metal salts species and appropriate dosage can increase the effective aperture ratio of activated carbon and the ability wetted by electrolyte solution, which comprehensively improve the electrochemical properties of the electrodes. In various additives, Manganese metal salts additive is most effective to adjust the pore structure of activated carbon. (2)The presence of a manganese salt affects the "graphite crystallites" growth, which result in varying shapes and messy arrangement. Because of the messy accumulation of a single network flat carbon which didn’t form a graphite crystallites and non-carbon and tissue manganese oxide crystals, the turbostratic in three-dimensional space of manganese activated carbon manifested and the porosity increased. (3)When the addition amount of Manganese salt is 3%, an amount of steam is 0.75 g H2O(g)/(g dry·h), activation temperature is 880 ℃, activation time is 2.5h, the activated carbon is achieved of which specific capacitance is 141.27 F/g.