钛酸钡电子陶瓷材料由于具有高的介电常数、良好的铁电、压电、耐压及绝缘性能，是电子陶瓷领域应用最广的材料之一，对钛酸钡的制备和性能的研究己成为无机固体化学的一个热点。钛酸钡粉体是制备电子陶瓷元件的基础材料。为了制造高质量的陶瓷元件以满足电子工业的发展，对钛酸钡粉体材料提出了越来越高的要求，例如超细、超纯和均匀化等。因此，钛酸钡粉体制备工艺及机理的研究成为当前材料领域研究的热点之一。近几年各种制备钛酸钡粉体的工艺发展很快，尤其是溶胶-凝胶法的发展更是引起了广泛的关注。 本文着重研究了以钛酸丁酯和醋酸钡为原料，采用溶胶．凝胶法制备纳米钛酸钡粉体的制备工艺和工艺参数。成功地制备了平均粒径为 12.3nm、近似球形的粉体，同大多数工艺比具有周期短、控制参数少、成本较低等特点。 首先，讨论了溶胶．凝胶法的特点和性能，指出了目前制备纳米钛酸钡粉体的现状和发展方向，并对各种主要的制备方法进行了分析，认为溶胶．凝胶法所制粉体具有粒度小、均匀度高、纯度高等特点，是目前制备钛酸钡粉体的最优方法。 其次，介绍了纳米钛酸钡粉体的制备过程，借助X射线衍射分析、红外吸收光谱、扫描电镜和透射电镜等分析测试手段，综合研究了加水量、水解温度、溶剂的种类及用量、PH值、分散剂等因素对粉体粒径、团聚性能、粉体活性、比表面积的影响，提出了制备过程中的最佳工艺参数，并分析了各种工艺参数的选择依据，通过对制备粉体的分析，试验最终制备的纳米钛酸钡粉体性能完全符合优质粉体的要求。 最后，讨论了纳米材料的团聚、分散机理及成核机理，系统研究了几种不同分散剂的分散效果，选择出了分散效果最佳的分散剂。

Barium titanate ceramics(BaTi03)，which have excellent dielectric，ferroelectric， piezoelectric properties was widely used in electro—ceramics areas．With the evelopment of technology，the preparation of BaTi03 has been the hot research in the field of solid inorganic chemistry． Powders are the main precursors to produce ceramic components．At present，with the development of the electric industry the qualities of powders were requested to be more strict than before，such as being more ultrafine，highly pure and homogeneous．The f．abrication and mechanism of nanometer powders has become the research hotspot in materials field．In the last few years，all kinds of technologies of producing nanometer were quickly improved．Especially the sol-gel method was widely noticed．The paper researched the process and parameters of preparation in the synthesis of highly pure and ultrafine BaTi03 powders by a sol-gel method from titanium butoxide and barium acetate as precursors．The BaTi03 powders with the average diameter of less than 25．4nm， approximatively spherical particle are successfully prepared by the method．Compared with other process，the method has a good deal of features such as shorter period，less controlling parameters，lower cost and SO on． Secondly，the producing process of BaTi03 powder was studuied by means of XRD， IR spectroscopy and TEM，it comprehensively study the important process factors such as water quality，hydrolysis temperature，solvents choosing and quality，PH value，surfactants， chelating agents etc and their effects on average diameter of particles，agglomeration sume area and SO on．The influences of processing parameters were detailed discussed by the orthogonal experiments． At last，the reactive mechanism of the producing BaTi03 po、vder were discussed in this paper，it was called“the mechanism of decomposition under calcinations”． Through the analysis of the theories and the experiments，the homogeneous BaTi03 p。wder．was。btained·S。that it was reas。nable for us t。fabricate BaTi03 po、Ⅳderby used sol-gel technology．