随着城市化进程不断加快，不确定性地表形变已经演变为一种地质灾害，并引发了一系列城市灾害性问题，对人们的生命和财产安全造成严重的威胁。因此对太原地区开展地质灾害调查与监测，及时有效地获取地表形变信息对灾害预防和治理具有重要意义。

合成孔径雷达干涉测量（Interferometeric Synthetic Aperture Radar, InSAR）技术作为一种新型的对地微波遥感技术，其具有全天时、全天候、高效率等优势。本文以太原地区为研究区，采用Sentinel-1A卫星的升轨数据，利用GCP的选取优化InSAR技术，开展城市地表形变监测研究，完成了对地面沉降地质灾害易发性的动态评价，成果对预防城市地质灾害具有重要的现实意义及参考价值。主要内容和成果如下：

（1）探讨优化InSAR技术中GCP选取方法。本文获取了太原地区2020年11月10日和2020年12月16日的单视复数SAR影像，分析SBAS-InSAR技术轨道精炼环节的GCP，基于连续区域的高相干性的选取方法获取了优化SBAS-InSAR技术平均精度值并进行对比，验证了优化GCP可以提高SBAS-InSAR技术的精确性。

（2）对比不同时序InSAR技术在太原地区地表形变监测结果。本文利用PS-InSAR技术、SBAS-InSAR技术和优化SBAS-InSAR技术分别获取了太原地区2018年1月—2020年12月时间间隔内的36幅Sentinel-1A升轨影像的时间序列结果，并结合GPS观测数据进行对比，验证了优化GCP的SBAS-InSAR技术的可靠性和应用的可行性。

（3）基于优化SBAS-InSAR技术结果的沉降地质灾害易发性评价。本文选择太原地区作为研究对象，依据研究区现状选取了高程、坡度、坡向、土地利用类型4个评价因子，通过建立确定性系数逻辑回归模型获取了研究区在空间维度上的易发性评价结果，通过优化GCP的SBAS-InSAR技术地表形变速率值获取了研究区在时间维度上的易发性评价结果。构建了沉降地质灾害易发性动态评价模型，获取了时间序列上的易发性评价结果，提高了评价结果的准确性和可靠度。

With the accelerating urbanization process, uncertain surface deformation has evolved into a kind of geological disaster and caused a series of urban catastrophic problems, which poses a serious threat to people's life and property safety. Therefore, it is important to investigate and monitor the geological hazards in Taiyuan area, and to obtain the surface deformation information in a timely and effective manner for disaster prevention and management.

Interferometeric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technology, as a new type of microwave remote sensing technology, has the advantages of all-day, all-weather and high efficiency. This paper takes Taiyuan area as the research area, adopts the uplift data of Sentinel-1A satellite, optimizes the InSAR technology with the selection of GCP points, carries out the urban surface deformation monitoring research, and completes the dynamic evaluation of the vulnerability of ground subsidence geohazards, and the results have important practical significance and reference value for the prevention of urban geohazards. The main contents and results are as follows.

(1) Exploring the method of GCP selection in optimized InSAR technology. The single-view complex SAR images of Taiyuan area on November 10, 2020 and December 16, 2020 were obtained, the GCP points of the track refinement link of SBAS-InSAR technology were analyzed, the average accuracy value of optimized SBAS-InSAR technology was obtained and compared based on the selection method of high coherence of continuous area, and it was verified that the optimized GCP points can improve the accuracy of SBAS-InSAR technology. InSAR technique accuracy can be improved by optimizing GCP points.

(2) Comparison of surface deformation monitoring results of different time-series InSAR techniques in Taiyuan area. The time series results of 36 Sentinel-1A uplink images in Taiyuan area during the time interval of January 2018-December 2020 were acquired using PS-InSAR technique, SBAS-InSAR technique and optimized SBAS-InSAR technique, respectively, and compared with GPS observation data to verify the optimized reliability and feasibility of application of SBAS-InSAR technique for GCP points.

(3) Evaluation of the susceptibility of subsidence geohazards based on the results of optimized SBAS-InSAR technique. Four evaluation factors, namely elevation, slope, slope direction and land use type, were selected based on the current situation of the study area, and the evaluation results of the vulnerability of the study area in spatial dimension were obtained by establishing a deterministic coefficient logistic regression model, and the evaluation results of the vulnerability of the study area in temporal dimension were obtained by optimizing the SBAS-InSAR technique surface deformation rate values of GCP points. A dynamic evaluation model of the vulnerability of subsidence geological hazards was constructed to obtain the results of the vulnerability evaluation in time series, which improved the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation results.