陕北矿区作为煤炭产出的主战场之一，为了尽可能多的产出煤炭，煤炭企业需要大量的掘进顺槽，顺槽围岩的安全性和稳定性直接影响着采煤工作的进行，研究顺槽围岩的变形破坏规律并对其进行支护控制具有重要意义。为了施工和采煤的方便，陕北矿区的煤矿企业大多数采用的是矩形顺槽，现有顺槽围岩支护控制方法一般都将矩形顺槽等效为圆形顺槽进行支护控制参数的设计并且没有考虑采动对顺槽围岩的影响，这样的设计存在一定的不合理性，在煤层开采的时候容易造成顺槽的变形破坏严重，需要花大量的时间对顺槽进行补强支护甚至返修，严重影响了井下人员的安全和采煤效率。本文以陕北矿区张家峁煤矿5^-2煤15211顺槽为工程背景，通过室内试验、理论分析、计算机数值模拟、现场监测的方法进行研究。研究成果如下：

（1）基于室内试验测定相关参数为理论分析及数值模拟提供参数；分析围岩物理性质、水文地质条件、地应力、工程因素、开采活动等因素对顺槽围岩的变形破坏的影响；用弹塑性理论对开挖后的顺槽围岩的应力分布进行分析，得到围岩分为三个不同的状态；总结了顺槽围岩的变形破坏类型；通过实地观测张家峁煤矿5^-2煤顺槽围岩变形破坏情况得到了顺槽围岩的两种变形破坏形式。

（2）基于张家峁煤矿5^-2煤顺槽围岩变形破坏的规律建立了矩形顺槽结构模型，通过分析该结构模型的受力，利用弹塑性力学计算出围岩的变形及破坏的表达式，将室内试验参数带入公式得到了塑性区的最大高度并采用控制变量法分析了各个参数对塑性区大小的影响。

（3）根据顺槽围岩塑性区的大小进行顺槽围岩支护控制参数的设计，利用FLAC^3D7.0数值模拟软件对比分析顺槽围岩在有无支护的塑性区大小和变形量，验证理论的正确性和支护参数的合理性。

（4）在张家峁煤矿5^-2煤15211顺槽进行现场工业性试验，通过监测顺槽围岩的帮部位移和松动圈大小、顶板的下沉位移和离层值、锚杆的受力，验证顺槽围岩的稳定性。结果表明：该支护设计方案合理，能够有效的控制顺槽围岩的变形破坏。研究成果能够为类似顺槽和张家峁煤矿5^-2煤其他顺槽作为参考。

As one of the main battlefields for coal production, the Shaanbei mining area requires coal enterprises to excavate a large number of tunnels in order to produce as much coal as possible. The safety and stability of the tunnel surrounding rock directly affect the progress of coal mining work. It is of great significance to study the deformation and failure laws of the tunnel surrounding rock and provide support control for it. For the convenience of construction and coal mining, most coal mining enterprises in the northern Shaanxi mining area use rectangular grooves. The existing methods for supporting and controlling the surrounding rock of the grooves generally equate rectangular grooves with circular grooves for the design of support control parameters, and do not consider the impact of mining on the surrounding rock of the grooves. This design has certain irrationality, which can easily cause serious deformation and damage to the grooves during coal seam mining, It takes a lot of time to reinforce, support, or even repair the chute, which seriously affects the safety of underground personnel and coal mining efficiency. This article is based on the engineering background of the 15211 coal seam in Zhangjiamao Coal Mine, Shaanbei Mining Area. The research is conducted through indoor experiments, theoretical analysis, computer numerical simulation, and on-site industrial tests. The research results are as follows:

(1) Provide parameters for theoretical analysis and numerical simulation based on indoor test to determine relevant parameters; The influence of physical properties, hydrogeological conditions, in-situ stress, engineering factors, mining activities and other factors on the deformation and failure of the surrounding rock along the trough was analyzed. The stress distribution of the excavated grooved surrounding rock was analyzed by elastoplastic theory, and it was obtained that the surrounding rock was divided into three different states. The types of deformation and failure of the surrounding rock along the trough were summarized. Through the field observation of the deformation and failure of the surrounding rock of 5^-2 coal flute in Zhangjiaya Coal Mine, two deformation and failure forms of the trough surrounding rock were obtained.

(2) Based on the law of deformation and failure of the surrounding rock of 5^-2 coal trough in Zhangjiaya Coal Mine, a rectangular trough structure model was established, and by analyzing the force of the structural model, the expression of deformation and failure of the surrounding rock was calculated by elastoplastic mechanics, the indoor test parameters were brought into the formula to obtain the maximum height of the plastic zone, and the influence of each parameter on the size of the plastic zone was analyzed by the control variable method.

(3) According to the size of the plastic zone of the trough surrounding rock, the control parameters of the trough surrounding rock were designed, and the size and deformation of the trough surrounding rock in the plastic zone with or without support were compared and analyzed by using FLAC3D7.0 numerical simulation software, which verified the correctness of the theory and the rationality of the supporting parameters.

(4) The on-site industrial test was carried out in the 5^-2 coal 15211 trough of Zhangjiaya Coal Mine, and the stability of the trough surrounding rock was verified by monitoring the movement and loosening circle size of the surrounding rock along the trough, the subsidence displacement and separation value of the roof plate, and the force of the bolt. The results show that the support design scheme is reasonable, which can effectively control the deformation and failure of the surrounding rock along the trough. The research results can be used as a reference for other troughs similar to the trough and 5^-2 coal in Zhangjiaya Coal Mine.

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