彬长矿区软岩巷道持续失稳破坏是长期困扰该矿区安全高效生产的重大问题之一。由于彬长矿区软岩赋存水文地质、水化作用及高应力环境等影响因素的特殊性，软岩蠕变现象、机理也表现不同，目前尚缺乏该方向的系统研究，致使从蠕变到巷道孕灾-致灾机理的分析不够充分，无法形成高效的彬长矿区软岩巷道联合控制方法。因此，本研究从彬长矿区软岩巷道失稳破坏的影响因素入手，结合软岩破坏中的力学行为，分析彬长矿区软岩加速蠕变本构关系；基于单元分担原理，构建彬长矿区软岩失稳孕灾-致灾理论模型，阐明软岩巷道蠕变破坏过程中的孕灾-致灾机理，进而形成一套针对彬长矿区软岩巷道失稳破坏的灾害防控方法，并进行工程应用。其主要研究工作如下：
（1）从软岩巷道失稳破坏的主要影响因素入手，测试彬长矿区典型矿井软岩巷道最大主应力的大小和方向，分析地应力场的作用形式，得出彬长矿区的地应力场属于双向不等压形式，最大主应力方向主要为水平方向，受高构造应力环境的影响，巷道变形严重；分析软岩赋存的水文地质环境，开展软岩的破坏强度测试试验，得出软岩强度受含水率的影响特征；通过分析彬长矿区软岩巷道围岩失稳破坏特征，得到影响彬长矿区软岩巷道失稳破坏的主要因素，为彬长矿区软岩蠕变模型建立及控制提供基础。
（2）分析巷道软岩的水化参数特征，利用自主设计的实验系统，开展不同含水率、不同应力水平的软岩变形破坏的蠕变试验，分析从软岩蠕变变形逐渐向失稳破坏过渡过程中的典型加速蠕变现象，建立了适合于彬长矿区的加速蠕变本构方程，并通过室内软岩蠕变试验对该加速蠕变模型的参数进行了测定和求解，并对本构模型进行了参数验证。
（3）从微观角度对巷道破坏与软岩强度的关系展开分析，引入软岩的微单元分担理论，阐明了软岩巷道蠕变失稳的孕灾过程；结合微单元的受力特征，基于邻近单元分担原理，分析软岩致灾的过程，结合软岩失稳破坏的加速蠕变本构关系，建立彬长矿区软岩巷道失稳破坏的孕灾-致灾理论模型，并给出灾害防控主控参量，为软岩巷道稳定性评价及控制提供理论基础。
（4）针对彬长矿区软岩巷道失稳破坏孕灾-致灾的影响因素，基于分担原理的围岩控制方法分析巷道围岩结构的稳定性，提出软岩巷道最大主应力“锚拉-注浆”控制方法；进行松软巷道围岩的全断面注浆改造，复合浆液注浆扩散半径可达0.54~1.12m、固化强度可达16.74MPa，由此，提出适用于软岩巷道的“全壳体”围岩注浆改造控制方法；通过对巷道围岩“全壳体”结构受力进行理论分析，提出了基于分担原理的围岩“全壳体”联合控制方法。
（5）基于围岩“全壳体”联合控制理论，开展彬长矿区典型矿井软岩巷道失稳破坏灾害防控工程实践。分别分析文家坡矿41盘区回风大巷、蒋家河矿ZF202工作面回风巷蠕变特点，设计“锚拉-注浆”与“全壳体”围岩分担改造的联合防治方案，采用数值分析与现场实测的方式，进行了工程响应验证。
通过以上理论与工程实践研究，揭示了彬长矿区软岩巷道蠕变失稳灾变机理，提出了适用于彬长矿区软岩巷道防控方法，解决了长期困扰彬长矿区软岩治理的难题，进一步丰富了软岩巷道围岩变形失稳机理的理论研究，具有重要的工程应用及理论价值。

Continuous destabilisation of soft rock roadway in Binchang mine is one of the major problems that have long plagued the safe and efficient production of the mine. Due to the special characteristics of the soft rock in Binchang mining area, such as hydrogeology, hydration, expansion stress, and high stress environment, the soft rock creep phenomenon and mechanism are also different, and there is still a lack of systematic research in this direction, resulting in insufficient analysis of the mechanism from creep to the roadway disaster-causing mechanism, and the inability to form a highly efficient joint control method of the soft rock roadway in Binchang mining area. Therefore, this study starts from the influencing factors of destabilisation of soft rock roadway in Binchang mining area, combines the mechanical behaviour of soft rock destruction, analyses the ontological relationship of accelerated creep of soft rock in Binchang mining area; based on the principle of unit sharing, constructs the theoretical model of soft rock destabilisation and disaster-causing, elucidates the disaster-causing mechanism in the process of creep destruction of soft rock roadway, and forms a set of disaster prevention and control methods of destabilisation of soft rock roadway in Binchang mining area, and conducts the engineering work. Then a set of disaster prevention and control methods for the destabilisation of soft rock roadway in Binchang mine area will be formed and applied in engineering. The main research work is as follows:
(1) Starting from the main influencing factors of the destabilising damage of soft rock roadway, we tested the size and direction of the maximum principal stress of the soft rock roadway of typical mines in Binchang mining area, and analysed the action form of the geostress field, and came to the conclusion that the geostress field in Binchang mining area belongs to the form of bi-directional unequal compression, and the direction of the maximum principal stress is mainly in the horizontal direction, which is affected by the environment of high tectonic stress, and the roadway deformation is serious. We analyse the hydrogeological environment where soft rock exists, and carry out the destructive strength test of soft rock, and conclude that the strength of soft rock is influenced by the water content. By analysing the destabilisation and damage characteristics of the surrounding rock in the soft rock roadway in Binchang mining area, the main factors affecting the destabilisation and damage of the soft rock roadway in Binchang mining area are obtained, which provides a basis for the establishment and control of the soft rock creep model in Binchang mining area.
(2) The characteristics of hydration parameters of roadway soft rock were analyzed, and the creep tests of deformation and failure of soft rock with different water content and different stress levels were carried out by an independently designed experimental system. The typical accelerated creep phenomena during the transition from creep deformation to instability failure of soft rock were analyzed, and the accelerated creep constitutive equation suitable for Binchang mining area was established. The parameters of the accelerated creep model are determined and solved by the indoor soft rock creep test, and the parameters of the constitutive model are verified.
(3) The relationship between roadway failure and soft rock strength is analyzed from the microscopic point of view, and the micro-unit sharing theory of soft rock is introduced to clarify the disaster inducing process of creep instability of soft rock roadway. Combined with the stress characteristics of microunits, the disaster-induced process of soft rock was analyzed based on the principle of sharing of adjacent units, and combined with the accelerated creep constitutive relationship of the instability failure of soft rock, a disaster-induced theoretical model of the instability failure of soft rock roadway in Binchang Mining area was established, and the main control parameters of disaster prevention and control were given, providing a theoretical basis for the stability evaluation and control of soft rock roadway.
(4) Aiming at the disaster-inducing factors of the failure of soft rock roadway in Binchang Mining area, the surrounding rock control method based on the sharing principle analyzes the stability of the roadway surrounding rock structure, and puts forward the "anchor-grouting" control method for the maximum principal stress of soft rock roadway. The full section grouting reform of soft roadway surrounding rock is carried out, the diffusion radius of composite slurry grouting can reach 0.54~1.12m, and the curing strength can reach 16.74MPa. Therefore, the control method of "full shell" surrounding rock grouting reform suitable for soft rock roadway is put forward. Based on the theoretical analysis of the stress of "full shell" structure of roadway surrounding rock, the joint control method of "full shell" surrounding rock based on the principle of sharing is put forward.
(5) Based on the combined control theory of surrounding rock "full hull", the prevention and control engineering of typical soft rock roadway failure in Binchang Mining area is carried out. The creep characteristics of return air roadway in 41 Pan area of Wenjiapo Mine and ZF202 working face of Jiangjiahe Mine are analyzed respectively. The joint control scheme of "anchor-grouting" and "full shell" surrounding rock sharing transformation is designed. The engineering response is verified by numerical analysis and field measurement.
Through the above theoretical and engineering practice research, the creep instability disaster mechanism of soft rock roadway in Binchang Mining area is revealed, and the prevention and control method suitable for soft rock roadway in Binchang Mining area is proposed, which solves the problem of soft rock governance in Binchang mining area for a long time, and further enricheds the theoretical research on the deformation and instability mechanism of the surrounding rock of soft rock roadway, which has important engineering application and theoretical value.

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