气候变暖问题是现阶段人类面临的最大挑战之一，作为温室气体排放最大组成部分的二氧化碳排放是全球气候变暖的主要元凶。随着中国经济的不段增长，二氧化碳排放量也在不断增加，这对中国绿色可持续发展产生不利影响。为了应对气候问题，习近平主席在第七十五届联合国大会上做出中国二氧化碳排放于2030年达到峰值，力争2060年完成碳中和的承诺。我国作为二氧化碳排放量最大的发展中国家，在经济发展的同时应更加注重治污减碳，这要求我们不能仅依靠环境污染的末端治理，还需要通过有效的金融与政策手段，加快形成环境污染治理的长效机制。在此背景下，探究绿色金融对二氧化碳排放强度的影响机制可以对推进我国经济低碳化转型提供有益参考。

本文首先对绿色金融与二氧化碳排放相关文献进行梳理，以此为起点分析绿色金融对二氧化碳排放强度的直接效应、空间溢出效应与间接效应。其次，利用我国2010-2020年30省份的数据，采用熵权法，利用绿色信贷、绿色证券、绿色投资与碳金融四项指标来综合测度中国各省份绿色金融发展指标，并利用碳排放系数法核算我国各省份二氧化碳排放强度。再次，采用空间计量模型研究省际绿色金融发展与二氧化碳排放强度之间的关系，然后通过的中介效应模型与门槛效应模型来揭示能源结构在绿色金融助力碳减排过程中的内在影响机制。最后，基于上述分析结果提出相关对策建议。

研究结果表明：(1)我国省际二氧化碳排放强度存在空间自相关性。（2）从空间溢出效应角度出发，绿色金融的发展不仅可以降低本地区二氧化碳排放强度，还能够助力周边地区二氧化碳排放强度的降低。（3）从作用机制角度出发，能源结构在绿色金融影响二氧化碳排放强度的过程中存在部分中介效应与单一门槛效应。绿色金融的发展可以促进我国能源结构的升级调整，而能源结构的升级调整可以进一步降低我国二氧化碳排放强度。煤炭消费量占总能源消费比重越大的城市，绿色金融降低二氧化碳排放强度的作用越明显。基于此，从大力推动绿色金融的发展、考虑绿色金融发展的区域差异性与合理利用绿色金融影响二氧化碳排放强度的中介机制与门槛机制等方面提出相关政策建议。

The issue of climate warming is one of the greatest challenges facing by the mankind at this stage, and carbon dioxide emissions, the largest component of greenhouse gas emissions, are the primary criminal of global warming. As China's economy continues to grow, carbon dioxide emissions are also increasing, which has a negative impact on China's green and sustainable development. In order to deal with climate issues, President Xi Jinping made a commitment at the 75th session of the United Nations General Assembly that China's carbon dioxide emissions will peak in 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. As the developing country with the largest carbon dioxide emissions, China should pay more attention to pollution and carbon reduction in parallel with economic development, which requires us to not only rely on end treatment of environmental pollution, but also to accelerate the formation of a long-term mechanism for environmental pollution treatment through effective financial and policy instruments. In this context, exploring the mechanism of the impact of green finance on carbon dioxide emission intensity can provide a useful reference for promoting the low-carbon transformation of China's economy.

This paper firstly compares the literature related to green finance and carbon dioxide emissions, and uses it as a starting point to analyse the direct, spatial spillover and indirect effects of green finance on carbon dioxide emissions intensity. Secondly, using the data of 30 provinces in China from 2010 to 2020, we adopt the entropy weight method to measure the green finance development indicators of each province in China using four indicators: green credit, green securities, green investment and carbon finance, and use the carbon emission coefficient method to account for the carbon dioxide emission intensity of each province in China. Then, a spatial econometric model is used to study the relationship between inter-provincial green finance development and carbon emission intensity, and then a mediating effect model and a threshold effect model are used to reveal the internal influence mechanism of energy structure in the process of green finance contributing to carbon emission reduction. Finally, based on the results of the above analysis, I propsed the relevant recommendations.

The results of the study show that: (1) there is spatial autocorrelation in China's inter-provincial carbon dioxide emission intensity. (2) From the perspective of spatial spillover effects, the development of green finance can not only reduce carbon dioxide emission intensity in the region, but also contribute to the reduction of carbon dioxide emission intensity in the surrounding areas. (3) From the perspective of the mechanism of action, there is a partial intermediary effect and a single threshold effect of energy structure in the process of green finance affecting carbon dioxide emission intensity. The development of green finance can promote the upgrading and adjustment of China's energy structure, and the upgrading and adjustment of the energy structure can further reduce China's carbon dioxide emission intensity; the greater the proportion of coal consumption in total energy consumption in cities, the more obvious the effect of green finance in reducing carbon dioxide emission intensity. Based on this, relevant policy recommendations are put forward from the aspects of vigorously promoting the development of green finance, considering regional differences in the development of green finance, and using the intermediary and threshold mechanisms of green finance to influence the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions.