随着浅层矿产资源的逐渐枯竭，深部资源开发成为未来的重要方向。深部开采技术的发展促进了矿产资源的深层次利用，但同时也带来了新的挑战，尤其是深井开采环境下的高温问题。高温不仅影响煤矿工人的生理健康，还会影响其认知能力。降低其工作效率，甚至引发安全事故，从而影响煤矿行业的经济效益和社会稳定。鉴于此，本文聚焦于深井高温环境对煤矿工人工作记忆能力的影响，系统的进行实验设计和数据分析，揭示高温环境对煤矿工人工作记忆能力的具体影响及其脑机制，为改善煤矿工人的工作环境和提高安全生产水平提供科学依据。

本文通过文献回顾，深入探究了高温环境如何对矿工的生理状态、心理健康及其作业效率造成影响，对工作记忆的概念、理论及现有研究成果进行了系统总结，对功能性近红外光谱技术（fNIRS）在认知神经科学领域的应用进行了探讨，随后基于文献综述、实地调查及对深井温度分析提出了六个假设。同时本文对实验设备Cortivision Photon Cap便携式近红外光学脑成像系统及espec环境试验箱的进行学习，并设计了针对矿工在不同温度环境下工作记忆能力的测量实验来验证假设，随后在实验中收集行为学数据与近红外数据并对近红外数据的进行预处理。在实验的预实验阶段通过详细的流程优化，确定了实验中需收集的关键指标。最后，在正式实验环节搭建实验环境并招募40名实验被试。实验设置了2个环境温度：高温32℃与常温25℃，实验中，采用E-Prime3.0软件编写的延时匹配任务（DMS）范式，确立了需要收集的近红外数据及行为学数据的类型。在数据收集完毕后，应用SPSS软件和NIRS_KIT工具包对所得数据进行了分析。从行为学数据与血氧浓度数据两个维度进行综合分析，本文得出了以下几个结论：（1）从行为学数据结果看，被试在高温环境32℃时完成任务的正确率较低、所需的反应时更长。（2）从近红外数据结果看，基于血氧浓度激活结果可以得出结论：①被试在同一环境下执行任务时血氧浓度相比静息态有显著上升。②不论执行任务态或静息态，被试在高温32℃时的血氧浓度相比常温25℃均上升显著。（3）从近红外数据结果看，基于大脑各兴趣区的功能连接结果可以得出结论：①被试在同一环境下执行任务时大脑各兴趣区的功能连接强度相比静息态更强。②被试在高温环境32℃的大脑前额叶各兴趣区的功能连接强度相比常温25℃状态更强。（4）从脑神经的层面考虑，个体在执行任务调用工作记忆能力时，大脑背外侧前额叶区域、额极区域及两个区域彼此之间有更广泛和强大的脑区激活，以及更复杂的功能连接模式，腹外侧前额叶区域和眶额叶区域也有一定的功能连接。

综上，高温对于工作记忆能力和脑机制都产生了显著影响。本文的发现不仅丰富了工作记忆领域的理论知识，还对深部矿井中的温度管理和作业安全提供了实践指导，有助于优化煤矿工人的工作环境，提高工作效率和安全性。通过探索高温对煤矿工人工作记忆能力的影响及其机制，本文为制定有效的防护措施和管理策略提供了科学依据，对保障矿工健康、维护矿区安全以及促进煤炭行业的可持续发展具有重要的理论和实践意义。

With the gradual depletion of shallow mineral resources, deep resource development has become an important direction for the future. The development of deep mining technology promotes the deep utilization of mineral resources, but at the same time, it also brings new challenges, especially the problem of high temperature in the deep shaft mining environment. High temperature not only affects the physiological health of coal miners, but also affects their cognitive ability. It reduces their work efficiency and even causes safety accidents, thus affecting the economic efficiency and social stability of the coal mining industry. In view of this, this thesis focuses on the effects of high-temperature environment in deep wells on the working memory ability of coal miners, and systematically carries out experimental design and data analysis to reveal the specific effects of high-temperature environment on the working memory ability of coal miners and its brain mechanism, so as to provide scientific basis for the improvement of the working environment and the improvement of the level of safety production of coal miners.

In this thesis, through a literature review, we have deeply explored how the high temperature environment affects miners' physiological state, mental health and their operational efficiency, systematically summarized the concepts, theories, and existing research results of working memory, explored the application of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in the field of cognitive neuroscience, and then put forward six hypotheses based on the literature review, the field investigation, and the analysis of the temperature of the deep wells. six hypotheses. At the same time, this thesis studies the experimental equipment Cortivision Photon Cap portable near-infrared optical brain imaging system and espec environmental test chamber, and designs an experiment to measure the working memory capacity of miners in different temperature environments to verify the hypotheses, and then collects behavioral data and near-infrared data and preprocesses the near-infrared data in the experiment. The key indicators to be collected in the experiment were determined through detailed process optimization in the pre-laboratory stage of the experiment. Finally, the experimental environment was set up and 40 subjects were recruited in the formal experimental session. The experiment was set up with two ambient temperatures: high temperature 32°C and room temperature 25°C. In the experiment, the type of fNIRS data and behavioral data to be collected was established by using the Delayed Matching Task (DMS) paradigm written in E-Prime 3.0 software. After the data were collected, the resulting data were analyzed by applying SPSS software and the NIRS_KIT toolkit. From the comprehensive analysis of the two dimensions of behavioral data and blood oxygen concentration data, this thesis draws the following conclusions: (1) From the results of the behavioral data, the subjects had a lower rate of correctness and a longer reaction time required to complete the task in the high temperature environment of 32℃. (2) From the results of NIR data, based on the activation results of blood oxygen concentration, it can be concluded that: ①There is a significant increase in blood oxygen concentration when subjects perform the task in the same environment compared to the resting state. ②Regardless of the task state or resting state, the blood oxygen concentration of the subjects in the high-temperature environment at 32℃ increased significantly compared to 25℃. (3) From the results of the near-infrared data, it can be concluded based on the results of the functional connectivity of the brain's regions of interest that: ①The functional connectivity of the brain's regions of interest is stronger than that of the resting state when the subjects are performing a task in the same environment. ②The strength of functional connectivity in each area of interest of the brain is stronger when subjects are in a high temperature environment at 32℃ compared to 25℃. (4) Considering the neurological level of the brain, individuals have more extensive and strong brain area activation and more complex functional connectivity patterns between the dorsolateral prefrontal region, the frontal pole region, and the two regions of the brain, as well as some functional connectivity between the ventral prefrontal region and the orbital frontal region, when they perform the task of recalling the ability to recall working memories.

In summary, high temperature has a significant effect on both working memory capacity and brain mechanisms. The findings of this thesis not only enrich the theoretical knowledge in the field of working memory, but also provide practical guidance on temperature management and operational safety in deep mines, which can help optimize the working environment of coal miners and improve work efficiency and safety. By exploring the effects of high temperature on the working memory capacity of coal miners and its mechanisms, this thesis provides a scientific basis for the development of effective protective measures and management strategies, which is of great theoretical and practical significance for safeguarding the health of miners, maintaining the safety of mines, and promoting the sustainable development of the coal industry.

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