输送带作为重要的运输设备已广泛应用到煤矿行业。由于井下环境恶劣，经常出现滚筒打滑、托辊卡死或电气故障等情况，引燃煤矿用输送带发生火灾。一旦发生输送带火灾，其火焰沿运输巷道快速传播，引燃井下煤、瓦斯、电器等可燃物，进而可能发生爆炸，扩大火灾规模，同时释放大量有毒害性的HCl气体。因此，开展输送带热解过程特征气体HCl生成机理的研究具有重要的理论价值和实际意义。本文针对输送带的热解特性，运用实验与模拟相结合的方法，对煤矿用PVG、PVC两种阻燃输送带热动力学特性、热裂解产物及HCl的生成机理进行研究，HCl的生成规律可为输送带火灾防控提供参考依据，研究成果对进一步掌握输送带火灾过程有着重要的指导意义。

采用TG-DSC-FTIR-MS联用实验，根据不同升温速率条件下输送带质量损失变化规律，分析输送带在热解过程中的特征温度及反应阶段；基于等转化率法和Malek法，求解得到输送带热解反应过程中的动力学参数和反应动力学机理。研究表明，输送带的热解反应过程中出现7个特征温度T₁-T₇，呈现出一期三阶段，分别为摩擦生热期、第一阶段-受热/分解阶段、第二阶段-热解/燃烧阶段、第三阶段-燃尽阶段。活化能呈现出随着转化率上升不断增大的趋势，第三阶段远大于第一阶段。不同升温速率导致活化能和指前因子存在着动力学补偿效应，两者呈现正相关关系。

运用Py-GC/MS联合技术，分析输送带在不同阶段下的官能团分布特征、热裂解产物、含氯化合物及生成HCl的阶段性演变规律。结果表明，输送带热解中生成HCl的过程由多个官能团共同参与反应；PVG型输送带的裂解产物的产量大小主要为苯甲酸类＞芳香烃类＞酰胺类＞脂肪烃类＞芳香酯类＞酮类，PVC型输送带裂解产物的产量大小为酰胺类＞苯甲酸类＞芳香烃类＞脂肪烃类＞酮类；基于热裂解产物分布，探究含氯化合物主要分布在芳香酯类、磷酸酯类、脂肪类；伴随着含氯化合物的生成，热解生成HCl气体的变化呈现阶段性演变规律。

通过Materials Studio软件对输送带热解过程进行分子动力学模拟，结合实验结果进行分析，发现热解反应中HCl的生成机理主要分为三部分：第一阶段为PVC组分发生脱氯化氢反应，脱除H·、Cl·、HCl和共轭多烯等脂肪烃，Cl·与脂肪烃、苯甲酸类组成氯代化合物；第二阶段输送带受热脱离出来的磷酸三（2-氯乙基）酯与PVC继续解聚断键脱氯，生成少量的HCl和烯烃。同时，共轭多烯芳构化与交联、分子内环化组成芳香烃，苯等芳烃发生傅克烷基化反应合成苯甲酸，发生取代反应，生成大量的氯代化合物；第三阶段少量的PVC继续分解，芳香族化合物结构重排、脱苯环和同分异构化等反应分解为一些小分子化合物。其中，PVC型输送带相对于PVG型输送带的含氯量更大，HCl气体产率更大，火灾危害性更高。

As an essential transportation medium, conveyor belt has been widely employed in the coal mine sector. Due to the hostile subterranean environment, it is common for the drum to slip, the rollers to jam, or the electrical system to fail, causing the coal mine conveyor belt to ignite and a fire to ensue. Once a conveyor belt fire occurs, its flame spreads rapidly along the transportation tunnel, igniting underground coal, gas, electrical appliances and other combustibles, which in turn may explode and expand the scale of the fire, while releasing a large amount of toxic HCl gas. Therefore, it is of great theoretical value and practical significance to carry out research on the mechanism of HCl generation in conveyor belt combustion. This research investigates the thermodynamic properties, thermal cracking products, and HCl production mechanism of PVG and PVC flame retardant conveyor belts for coal mines using experiments and simulations. Conveyor belt fires may be predicted using the HCl formation rule. The research findings have crucial implications for further understanding the fire process of conveyor belts.

In this paper, TG-DSC-FTIR-MS coupling experiments are used to analyze the characteristic temperatures and reaction stages of the conveyor belt in the combustion process according to the changing law of conveyor belt mass loss under the conditions of different heating rates. Based on multiple isoconversion rate methods and Malek's method, the kinetic parameters and reaction kinetic mechanism during the conveyor belt combustion reaction were solved and obtained. It was shown that seven characteristic temperatures T₁-T₇ and four stages occur during the combustion reaction of the conveyor belt. These are the friction heat generation phase, the first stage-heat/decomposition phase, the second stage-pyrolysis/combustion phase, and the third stage-burnout phase. The activation energy shows a tendency to increase with the increase of conversion rate, and the third stage is much larger than the first stage. Different warming rates resulted in a kinetic compensation effect between the activation energy and the pre-finger factor, which showed a positive correlation.

The distribution features of functional groups, thermal cracking products, compounds containing chlorine, and the conveyor belt's stage-by-stage evolution patterns were all analyzed using the combined Py-GC/MS approach at various phases. The results show that the conveyor belt combustion process consists of several functional groups participating in the reaction together. The pyrolysis products of PVG conveyor belt are mainly benzoic acids > aromatic hydrocarbons > amides > aliphatic hydrocarbons > aromatic esters > ketones. Amides > benzoic acids > aromatic hydrocarbons > aliphatic hydrocarbons > ketones are the breakdown products of PVC conveyor belts. Based on the distribution of pyrolysis products, it was found that chlorine-containing compounds were mainly distributed in aromatic esters, phosphate esters and fats. Accompanied by the production of chlorine-containing compounds, the HCl gas changes show a staged evolutionary pattern.

Molecular dynamics simulation of conveyor belt pyrolysis process by Materials Studio software. Analyzing the results of the experiments, it is found that the mechanism of HCl generation in the combustion reaction is divided into three main parts. The first stage is the PVC component of the dehydrogen chloride reaction to remove H·, Cl·, HCl and conjugated polyenes and other aliphatic hydrocarbons, Cl· and aliphatic hydrocarbons, benzoic acid composition of chlorinated compounds. At the same time, conjugated polyene aromatization and cross-linking, intramolecular cyclization of aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene and other aromatic hydrocarbons Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction to synthesize benzoic acid, substitution reaction, to generate a large number of chlorinated compounds. In the third stage, structural rearrangement, debenzolization, and isomerization break down aromatic molecules into a few small molecular compounds while a tiny amount of PVC still breaks down. Compared to PVG type conveyor belt, PVC type conveyor belt has a higher fire hazard, higher HCl gas output, and a higher chlorine content.

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