我国煤炭资源受制于地质开采条件，安全生产形势严峻，其中矿井水害问题严重。随着下组煤的开采，白垩系砂岩含水层是专家们突水水源的重点考察对象。然而在当前矿床水文地质的研究工作中，矿井涌水评价研究较为薄弱，如何精准、便捷的通过放水试验计算水文地质参数是业界广泛关注的技术难点。本文针对白垩系富水砂岩层钻孔放水机理与涌水量预测进行研究，以某煤矿揭露的白垩系富水砂岩层为研究对象，采用理论分析、物理试验与现场试验以进行深入研究，为某煤矿钻孔放水防治技术提供了重要的科学参考，取得的主要结论如下：

（1）基于地下水渗流理论，分别建立了群井系统、越流系统以及群井越流系统放水试验理论力学模型，通过叠加原理，引入Hantush变换和Laplace变换，将承压完整井理论进行了扩展，并推导得出了群井、越流以及群井越流系统的流量公式。将流量公式运用到某煤矿，预测了白垩系洛河－宜君组富水砂岩层在单孔稳定流完整井放水过程中涌水量大小。

（2）采用自主研发的试验平台，配合不同粒径的均质骨料等试验材料，基于相似原理与对称性原理，对不同渗透系数、放水孔数和钻孔通径的砂岩层进行了放水物理模拟试验，运用流量、动态水压、热成像与应力监测等技术对试验进行了实时观察，最终通过对监测结果的分析，得到了放水过程的主要参数，揭示了钻孔放水机理。

（3）在彬长某煤矿4号煤工作面进风巷进行现场单孔与双孔放水试验测试，通过观测地下水水位，得到了白垩系砂岩层涌水量随放水孔数与时间的变化规律。并通过解析法与配线法对水文地质参数进行了求解，结合现场实际情况，给出了洛河-宜君富水砂岩层突水涌水量的主要影响因素，为类似防治水领域提供了重要的科学参考。

China 's coal resources are subject to geological mining conditions, the safety production situation is severe, and the problem of mine water disaster is serious. With the mining of the lower group of coal, the Cretaceous sandstone aquifer is the focus of the experts ' water inrush source. However, in the current research work of deposit hydrogeology, the research on mine water inflow evaluation is relatively weak. How to accurately and conveniently calculate hydrogeological parameters through water discharge test is a technical difficulty widely concerned by the industry. In this paper, the mechanism of borehole drainage and the prediction of water inflow in the Cretaceous water-rich sandstone layer are studied. The Cretaceous water-rich sandstone layer exposed by a coal mine is taken as the research object, and theoretical analysis, physical test and field test are used for in-depth research. It provides an important scientific reference for the prevention and control technology of borehole drainage in a coal mine. The main conclusions are as follows :

(1)Based on the theory of groundwater seepage, the theoretical mechanical models of group well system, overflow system and overflow system are established respectively. Through the superposition principle, Hantush transform and Laplace transform are introduced to extend the theory of confined complete well, and the flow formulas of group well, overflow system and overflow system are derived. The flow formula is applied to Wenjiapo Coal Mine, and the water inflow of the water-rich sandstone layer of the Cretaceous Luohe-Yijun Formation in the process of single-hole steady flow complete well drainage is predicted.

(2)Based on the self-developed test platform and the test materials such as homogeneous aggregates with different particle sizes, based on the principle of similarity and symmetry, the physical simulation test of water discharge is carried out in sandstone layers with different permeability coefficients, water discharge holes and borehole diameters. The flow, dynamic water pressure, thermal imaging and stress monitoring techniques were used to observe the test in real time. Finally, through the analysis of the monitoring results, the main influencing parameters of the water discharge process were obtained, and the mechanism of the water discharge was revealed.

(3) Field single-hole and double-hole drainage tests were carried out in the intake airway of No.4 coal face of a coal mine in Binchang. By observing the groundwater level, the variation law of water inflow in Cretaceous sandstone layer with the number and time of drainage holes was obtained. The hydrogeological parameters are solved by analytical method and wiring method. Combined with the actual situation on site, the main influencing factors of water inrush and water inflow in Luohe-Yijun water-rich sandstone layer are given, which provides an important scientific reference for similar water prevention and control fields.

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