随着社会的发展，汽车已经成为人们必不可少的交通工具，这就造成了城市中日益严峻的交通和环境污染问题。智能交通系统（ITS）的开发和应用对缓解和改善城市交通状况、促进行车安全和提高道路的通行效率具有重要意义。车载导航系统是智能交通系统中一个重要的组成部分，由车载移动终端、无线通信链路和车辆监控中心三个部分组成。地理信息系统（Geographic Information System，GIS）技术及全球定位系统（Global Positioning System，GPS）技术的应用是车载导航系统功能实现的重要基础。 论文首先分析了车载导航系统在国内外的开发研究现状，简要阐述了GPS及GIS的工作原理。通过分析GPS接收机的数据格式，研究了GPS数据的采集和处理过程，重点讨论了坐标转换的方法，对选用七参数法和三参数法进行WGS-84坐标到BJ-54坐标转换的具体结果进行比较分析。 论文探讨了车载电子地图的设计与制作过程，实现了简单的电子地图功能，并以日照市的部分地区为例，对电子地图的放大、缩小、漫游、距离和面积的量测等功能进行了验证。论文还重点研究了地图匹配算法的基本原理，基本方法，并应用了一种基于模式识别的地图匹配算法校正GPS定位误差。在论文的最后，提出一种能够在全局范围内动态确定车辆行驶路线的最优路径算法，以此规划行车路线，提高交通运营的质量和效率。

Automobile becomes more necessary in people’s life with the development of society. This makes problems of traffic and environment increasingly worse. The exploitation and application of ITS has an important effect on greatly alleviated and improved the trouble of city transportation system、promoted driving safety and improved the efficiency of road. Vehicle navigation system is an important part of the intelligent traffic system. VNS is composed of three parts-vehicle mobile terminals、wireless communication link and vehicle monitoring center. The application of Geographic Information Systems technology and Global Positioning System technology are important foundation of realizing Vehicle navigation system. The paper analyzes the status of VNS’s development and research home and abroad first, and briefly describes the work principles of GPS and GIS. According to analyze the data format of GPS receiver, the paper studies the process of collection and processing of GPS data, and emphasizes on the ways of coordinate transformation. Compare and analyze the specific results by selecting the three and seven-parameter method to realize the coordinate transformation of WGS-84 coordinate system to BJ-54 coordinate. The paper discusses the process of the electronic map made and designed, and realizes a simple function of the electronic map. With the example of partial regions of RIZHAO CITY, some functions have been verified, including zooming out、zooming in、roaming、measuring the distance and area of electronic map. The paper also focuses on the theory and the method of arithmetic of map matching. An algorithm of map matching based on the mode recognition is applied to the vehicle navigation system in order to revise the error of GPS. At the last part of the paper, propose a superior path algorithm, which can dynamic determine the path of vehicle in the overall range as planning the traffic routes to improve the quality and efficiency of the traffic.