聚氨酯丙烯酸酯是UV固化涂料重要的一种低聚物，它是由二异氰酸酯、二元醇或多元醇、丙烯酸羟乙酯合成的低聚物。分子结构中具有醚键、氨酯键，分子链间能形成多种氢键，同时分子中具有柔性链段，所以聚氨酯丙烯酸酯对基材能形成好的附着力，具有很好的耐低温性和耐磨性，而被广泛应用于UV固化涂料体系中。 本论文以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚氧化丙烯三醇、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯为主要单体，在一定条件下合成了聚氨酯丙烯酸酯低聚物。通过对产物的异氰酸根含量的测定、分子结构、分子量大小和分子量大小发布的表征，研究了单体配比、反应温度、催化剂、反应时间、加料方式、原料中水分、稀释剂等因素对合成低聚物性能的影响，得出合成色相好、分子量大小和分子量大小分布合理的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的反应条件是：反应单体中的水份含量必须小于0.05%，以二月桂酸二丁基锡为反应的为催化剂，质量分数为0.3%，稀释剂HDDA的质量分数为20%，甲苯二异氰酸酯：聚氧化丙烯三醇：甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯的摩尔比为3.08:1:3，温度制度如下：第一步反应温度为65-70℃，反应2小时，第二步反应温度为在70℃下反应1小时，在(80±2)℃反应2小时，最后升温至85℃下反应1小时后得到性能优异的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯低聚物。 以合成的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯做为UV固化涂料的低聚物，通过对UV固化涂料的固化速度、附着力、硬度、耐化学溶剂性能的测定，得出：聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的质量分数为87%，光引发剂质量分数为5%，活性稀释单体质量分数为4%时，得到综合性能优良的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯UV固化涂料。

Polyurethane acrylate is one of the important oligomers of UV-curable coating. The oligomer was synthesized with diisocyanate, glycol or polyols, hydroxyl ethyl acrylate. There are ether bond and ammonia ester bond in the molecular structure, so it can form a variety of hydrogen bond between molecular chain.Polyurethane acrylate has good flexibility and tensile strength. Polyurethane acrylate UV-curable coating has a good adhesion to base material and has good low temperature resistance, abrasion resistance and so on. Therefore, polyurethane acrylate is widely used in UV curing coatings system. In this article, the polyurethane acrylate was synthesized with toluene diisocyanate(TDI), Polyoxypropylene triol, hydroethyl methacrylate. The -NCO content in polyurethane acrylate was measured, the molecular structure and molecular weight were characteried by infrared spectrum and gel chromatography. The influence factors (processthe ratio of raw materials, reaction temperature, catalyst, reaction time, way of feeding raw material and moisturein the raw material) on the synthesis were studied. The result showed the best method of preparing polyurethane acrylate was that make the raw material moisture content less than 0.05%, the best ratio of raw materials as follows: the mole ratio of toluene diisocyanate and Polyoxypropylene triol, hydroethyl methacrylate is 3.08:1:3. Polyoxypropylene triol was added to the TDI by the way of multiple adding. Dibutyltin dilaurate is used as catalyst, the optimum content is 0.3%. The best content of diluent HDDA is 20%. In the process of the reaction of polyurethane acrylate synthesis,the first step reaction temperature is 65-70℃, reaction 2 hours or so. The second step reaction temperature is under 70℃ for 1 hour, in the reaction (80±2)℃ for 2 hours, reacts under 85℃ for 1 hour after get transparent viscous liquid polyurethane acrylate. With the synthesized oligomers, polyurethane acrylates UV-curable coating was prepared and has excellent comprehensive properties. By studying the curing rate, hardness, adhesion and chemical solvent resistance, the result shows that: the content of polyurethane acrylate is 87%, light initiator content is 5%, active diluent monomer is 4%, the polyurethane acrylates UV-curable coating is the best.