隧道超前地质预报是隧道安全施工的重要保障。随着地质条件的复杂性与不确定性，在隧道施工中地质灾害时有发生，因此超前预报工作成为隧道施工中的重要部分。然而现有的预报方法大多以经验为基础的预报，其预报的准确性有待进一步的提高。 本文研究的主要内容： (1)以岩石的物理力学性质为基础，借助时距曲线的分析方法，研究了不同反射界面反射波的传播特性。根据TSP反射波的传播特性，初步了解了探测区内构造体的优质产状，并进行最小偏移距、最小炮间距的优化设计。 (2)结合东塘沟隧道超前预报实例，在数据采集时，通过对传感器的安装、套管的埋设、起爆雷管的选择及炸药震源药量选取等进行优化，得到最优的数据采集方案，为数据处理提供了有力的保障。 (3)对冲击钻钻探原理、钻进过程进行了分析，并结合具体事例得到冲击钻预报的经验结果即：钻进正常、钻孔中岩粉较细表明围岩节理少，岩体完整；反之表明围岩节理多、破碎且发育。 (4)论述了综合超前地质预报原理、综合预报的操作步骤，提出了隧道综合超前地质预报的预警方法。综合超前预报实现了不同预报技术手段的优势互补，取长补短，相互印证，对于地质条件复杂的地区是很有价值的，因为任何一次判断失误都会造成不可挽回的损失。

Tunnel geological advance prediction is an important guarantee of the tunnel construction safety. With the complexity and uncertainty of geological condition. Geological disasters occur frequently in the tunnel construction. So the advance prediction becomes an important part in the construction of the tunnel. However, the existing prediction technique based on experiences mostly, its accuracy of prediction should be further improved. The main contents of this study as follows： (1) Study the propagation characteristics of the reflected wave on which the different reflection interfaces, with the physical and mechanical properties of rock and the analysis method of the time-distance curve. According to the TSP reflection wave propagation properties to preliminary understand the quality structure of Body structure in exploration area ,and then optimized design of minimum offset, minimum cannon spacing . (2) Combine with example of DongTang Ditch tunnel advanced prediction, In data collection, through optimized the sensor installation, casing embedment,the choice of blasting cap and the quantity selection of explosive source etc, obtaining the best data acquisition plan, provides a powerful guarantee for the data processing. (3) Analyze the principle and process of the impact drill drilling,and combine with concrete example to get results on impact drill drilling forecast experience, drilling is normal and drilling rock powder is fine which show that surrounding rock joints less and rock complete. Conversely, rock joints are more、broken and development. (4) Discuss the principles of integrated geological prediction and integrated forecasting procedures in detail. Put forward the early-warning method of tunnel integrated geological advance prediction. Integrated advanced prediction technology realized the different forecast methods complementary and complement each other, confirm each other. It is a great value for areas with complex geological conditions. Because any error judgement will cause an irreparable damage.