摘 要 合理的产业结构是促进经济良好发展的一个关键性因素。近年来国家提出转变经济增长方式，优化产业结构的发展战略，对于产业结构转型具有非常重要的意义。产业结构转型是为适应经济的良好发展，使得低、小、散的落后产业逐步向高技术含量、高核心竞争力、高效益、低物耗、低污染产业演变的过程。 本文采用分析与综合相结合、对比分析与个案分析综合、定性分析的研究方法，从产业结构转型及政府作用的一般理论分析入手，研究陕西省产业结构转型中的政府作用。文章将一般理论与陕西省产业结构和政府作用的实际相结合，着重分析陕西省产业结构发展的现状和陕西省政府发挥作用中存在的问题，并通过对陕西省产业发展的主要相关政策进行深入分析，在此基础上提出有效发挥政府作用的具有针对性的建议。 自改革开放以来，陕西省产业结构逐渐呈现出“二三一”的局面，劳动力结构呈现出“一三二”的局面。这一演变基本上符合世界产业结构变化的总趋势，也和中国产业结构的变化趋势大体一致。但在产业结构中仍然存在着劳动力结构与产业结构变化不同步、第二产业内部发展不协调、第三产业发展不足等问题，这些问题的出现和陕西省政府作用的发挥效果有着紧密的联系，即陕西省政府在调整优化产业结构过程中出现角色“缺位”“错位”“越位”等问题造成了这一现象的产生。要更好地促进陕西省经济的持续发展，就必须将政府观念从区域性转向全球化、从无限型转向有限型、从干预型转向服务型，即首先得实现观念上的转型；其次完善政府主导的管理机制，坚持可持续发展与市场导向相结合；再次要加快完善产业政策相关配套政策建设；最后要创新资源开发，为产业发展营造良好的投融资环境。

ABSTRACT Reasonable industrial structure is a key factor in promoting good economic development. Countries put forward the development strategy of transformation of economic growth, optimizing industrial structure, this has very important significance for industrial restructuring. Industrial restructuring is a process that to adapt to the good development of the economy, making the low, small, scattered and backward industry gradually to the high-tech, high core competitiveness, high efficiency, low material consumption, low pollution. In this paper, I use the research Methods of analysis and synthesis, comparative analysis and case analysis, qualitative analysis. Start from the general theory of industrial restructuring and the role of government, to study the role of government in industrial restructuring in Shaanxi Province. Article of Combining the general theory and the practice of the industrial structure and the role of government in Shaanxi Province, Analyzed the status of industrial structure and the problems of government to play a role in the Shaanxi province. and In-depth analysis of the relevant policies in the industrial development. Propose the targeted recommendations to effectively play the role of government on this basis. Since the reform and opening up, Industrial structure gradually showing situation of "the second, the tertiary and the primary industry" in Shaanxi Province, the labor structure showing the situation of " the primary , the tertiary and the second ". This evolution is basically in line with the general trend of the world's industrial structure, and is broadly consistent with the trend of China's industrial structure. But now still exists problems, such as changes are not synchronized in the labor force structure and industrial structure, internal uncoordinated development of secondary industry, Lack of the development of tertiary industry, and other issues, these problems have closely linked to the effect of the role of the Shaanxi Provincial Government, and this phenomenon caused by in the role of "Absent" ,"dislocation" and "offside" in the process of adjustment and optimization of industrial structure in Shaanxi provincial government. TO better promote the sustained economic development in Shaanxi Province, Change the government's concept from regional to globalization, from the infinite type to finite type, and from intervention type to service. That is, first of all to achieve the transformation of the concept. Secondly, to improve the government-led management mechanism, adhere to combination of sustainable development and market-oriented. Again to accelerate the improvement of related policy construction of industrial policy. Finally, innovative resource development, and create a favorable investment environment for industrial development.