放顶煤支架是现代煤矿高效综采和安全生产最关键的设备之一，在综合机械化放顶煤开采中起到支护顶板、维护作业空间和推移工作面采煤机以及运输机的作用，然而我国煤层地质条件复杂，液压支架在浅埋深、硬顶板、硬煤层的“难放顶煤”条件下开采时，由于技术限制，使得顶煤难以冒落和回收，综放开采和效率不是很高。论文提出，解决浅埋“两硬”地质条件下特厚煤层放顶煤开采高产、高效、高回收率的关键，是液压支架的支、护、放顶煤问题。ZF12000/23/40D型支架是结合安家岭9#煤层设计的大采高两柱放顶煤液压支架，本文以此为例，进行相关研究与分析。 论文首先介绍了工作面地质条件和配套设备，并应用矿山压力及控制理论结合矿井浅埋“两硬”的特点分析“支架——围岩”关系，研究放顶煤液压支架技术方案。针对ZF12000/23/40D型支架进行四连杆机构运动、受力分析及参数优化，使放顶煤液压支架具有超大支撑力作用在坚硬顶煤上，反复支撑足以使坚硬顶煤破碎放落，并能对大块硬煤破碎，放煤充分，提高回采率。 基于ANSYS有限元分析软件，对ZF12000/23/40D型支架进行应力及强度分析。通过网格划分、施加载荷及边界条件，精确仿真支架在顶梁扭转、顶梁偏载、顶梁弯曲等不同工况下，其复杂结构的应力场及应力集中，并对云图结果进行了分析，为放顶煤液压支架设计中如何提高结构件强度和承载力提供了科学依据。 最后，根据浅埋“两硬”厚煤层放顶煤液压支架结构设计及技术参数，结合综放支架总体配套图、液压支架效果图简述了综放三机配套设置，作为本课题技术研究结论，也为国内煤炭企业技术装备提供了新的思路和参考。

Hydraulic support is one of the key equipment of modern coal mine fully efficient and safe production, in the comprehensive mechanized coal caving mining in supporting the roof, the maintenance work space and goes on working surface coal mining machine and conveyor role, however, China's complex geological condition of coal seam, the hydraulic support in shallow buried depth, roof, hard coal seam "hard top coal caving mining under" conditions, due to technical limitations, the top coal caving and difficult recovery, caving and efficiency is not high. The paper puts forward, to solve the shallow geological conditions of "two hard" thick top coal caving mining in high yield, high efficiency, high key recovery rate of coal, is a hydraulic supports, protects, top coal caving problems. ZF12000/23/40D support is a combination of Anjialing Coal Seam 9# design of large mining height two pillar caving hydraulic support, for this example, related research and analysis. This paper firstly introduces the working surface geological conditions and equipment, and application of mine pressure and control theory combined with mine shallow "two hard" characteristics "-- Analysis of surrounding rock support" relationship, technical scheme of top coal caving hydraulic support. Based on the type of ZF12000/23/40D support for the movement, the four connecting rod mechanism of stress analysis and parameter optimization, the caving hydraulic support with large support force in the hard top coal, repeated support enough to make the hard top coal broken down, and the bulk coal crushing, caving fully, improve the recovery rate. Based on finite element analysis software ANSYS and the mesh, load and boundary conditions on the bracket model, torsion, accurate simulation of support beam in beam beam bending load, under different conditions, the complex structure should focus on the stress field and stress, and the images were analyzed, providing scientific basis for the hydraulic support design in how to improve the structure strength and bearing capacity. Finally, through the fully mechanized top coal caving support overall matching diagram, hydraulic support renderings of the fully mechanized top coal caving three machine set, provides the reference for the research, but also provides a new thought and method for the technology and equipment of domestic coal enterprises.